Hypochlorous acid

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Hypochlorous acid
IUPAC name Hypochlorous acid[note 1]
Other names Chloric(I) acid
Chloranol
Hydroxidochlorine
Identifiers
InChI InChI=1/ClHO/c1-2/h2H
InChIKey QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYAT
Standard InChI InChI=1S/ClHO/c1-2/h2H
Standard InChIKey QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS number [7790-92-3]
EC number 232-232-5
ChemSpider 22757
Properties[2]
Chemical formula HOCl
Molar mass 52.460 g mol−1
Acidity (pKa) 7.47
Structure[3]
Molecular geometry bent: r(Cl–O) = 168.90 pm, θ(Cl–O–H) = 102.97°
Thermochemistry[4]
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298 −74.48 kJ mol−1 (gas)
Standard molar entropy So298 236.50 J K−1 mol−1 (gas)
Related compounds
Other hypohalous acids Hypofluorous acid
Hypobromous acid
Hypoiodous acid
Other compounds Hydrochloric acid
Chlorous acid
Chloric acid
Perchloric acid
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Hypochlorous acid, HOCl, is an oxoacid of chlorine. It is often considered to be only stable in aqueous solution,[2][5] but it can be prepared in sufficient quantities in the gas phase for spectroscopic and even thermodynamic studies.[3][4]

Preparation

Structure

Reactivity

Notes and references

Notes

  1. Hypochlorous acid is a retained name in IUPAC nomenclature.[1]

References

  1. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry; IUPAC Recommendations 2005; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 2005; p 294. ISBN 0-85404-438-8, <http://www.iupac.org/publications/books/rbook/Red_Book_2005.pdf>.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1988; pp 563–67. ISBN 0-471-84997-9.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Escribano, R. M.; Di Lonardo, G.; Fusina, L. Empirical anharmonic force field and equilibrium structure of hypochlorous acid, HOCl. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1996, 259 (5–6), 614–18. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00774-9.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Hypochlorous acid. In NIST Chemistry WebBook; National Institute for Standards and Technology, <http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/ClHO/c1-2/h2H>. (accessed 1 January 2011).
  5. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 999–1007. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.

External links

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