Difference between revisions of "Sodium aluminosilicate"

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'''Sodium aluminosilicates''', sometimes called '''sodium silicoaluminates''' (especially in the United States), are a large class of compounds of general formula Na<sub>(2''x'')</sub>Al<sub>(2''y'')</sub>Si<sub>''z''</sub>O<sub>(''x''+3''y''+2''z'')</sub>·''m''H<sub>2</sub>O, also written as ''x''Na<sub>2</sub>O·''y''Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>·''z''SiO<sub>2</sub>·''m''H<sub>2</sub>O. They occur widely in nature as [[feldspar]]s and other [[aluminosilicate mineral]]s, and are also produced artificially on a large scale as [[zeolite]]s, especially for use in laundry powders.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=141–16}}.</ref>
 
'''Sodium aluminosilicates''', sometimes called '''sodium silicoaluminates''' (especially in the United States), are a large class of compounds of general formula Na<sub>(2''x'')</sub>Al<sub>(2''y'')</sub>Si<sub>''z''</sub>O<sub>(''x''+3''y''+2''z'')</sub>·''m''H<sub>2</sub>O, also written as ''x''Na<sub>2</sub>O·''y''Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>·''z''SiO<sub>2</sub>·''m''H<sub>2</sub>O. They occur widely in nature as [[feldspar]]s and other [[aluminosilicate mineral]]s, and are also produced artificially on a large scale as [[zeolite]]s, especially for use in laundry powders.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=141–16}}.</ref>
  
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Amorphous sodium aluminosilicate is manufactured for use as an [[anticaking agent]] in food ([[International Numbering System for food additives|INS]]&nbsp;554).<ref name="Codex">{{FoodAdd Codex list}}.</ref> It is "[[generally recognized as safe]]" (GRAS) at levels of less than 2% in the United States,<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr182_09.html Part&nbsp;182: Substances generally recognized as safe] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref> and is also approved for use in Australia and New Zealand,<ref>[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodstandards/foodstandardscode/standard131foodaddit4239.cfm Standard&nbsp;1.3.1], [[Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code]].</ref> Canada<ref>Table&nbsp;X to Division&nbsp;B.16, [http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cr/C.R.C.-c.870 Food and Drug Regulations] (C.R.C., c.&nbsp;870).</ref> and (in a limited range of products) in the European Union.<ref>Art.&nbsp;30, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:354:0016:01:EN:HTML Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives], ''OJEU'' L354, 31.12.2008, pp&nbsp;16–33.</ref><ref>Annex&nbsp;IV, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31995L0002:EN:HTML European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L61, 18.3.1995, pp&nbsp;1–40.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31998L0072:EN:HTML Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L295, 4.11.1998, pp&nbsp;18–30.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:204:0010:01:EN:HTML Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs], ''OJEU'', L204, 26.07.2006, pp&nbsp;10–22.</ref>
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Amorphous sodium aluminosilicate is manufactured for use as an [[anticaking agent]] in food ([[International Numbering System for food additives|INS]]&nbsp;554).<ref name="Codex">{{FoodAdd Codex list}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | title = Sodium aluminosilicate | url = http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph3/additive-391.pdf | publisher = FAO/WHO [[Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives]] (JECFA) | date = 2006}}.</ref> It is "[[generally recognized as safe]]" (GRAS) at levels of less than 2% in the United States,<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr182_09.html Part&nbsp;182: Substances generally recognized as safe] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref> and is also approved for use in Australia and New Zealand,<ref>[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodstandards/foodstandardscode/standard131foodaddit4239.cfm Standard&nbsp;1.3.1], [[Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code]].</ref> Canada<ref>Table&nbsp;X to Division&nbsp;B.16, [http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cr/C.R.C.-c.870 Food and Drug Regulations] (C.R.C., c.&nbsp;870).</ref> and (in a limited range of products)<ref group="note" name="EU-anticake">Only dried powdered foodstuffs (including sugars), salt and salt substitutes, sliced or grated hard, semi-hard and processed cheese and cheese analogues (<&nbsp;10&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); seasonings and tin-greasing products (<&nbsp;30&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); chewing gum, rice, food supplements as defined in Directive&nbsp;2002/46/EC, foodstuffs in tablet and coated tablet form (''quantum satis''); sausages and confectionery (excluding chocolate; suface treatment only, ''quantum satis''): Annex&nbsp;IV, Directive&nbsp;95/2/EC, as modified by Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, Directive&nbsp;98/72/EC and by Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, Directive&nbsp;2006/52/EC.</ref> in the European Union.<ref>Art.&nbsp;30, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:354:0016:01:EN:HTML Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives], ''OJEU'' L354, 31.12.2008, pp&nbsp;16–33.</ref><ref>Annex&nbsp;IV, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31995L0002:EN:HTML European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L61, 18.3.1995, pp&nbsp;1–40.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31998L0072:EN:HTML Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L295, 4.11.1998, pp&nbsp;18–30.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:204:0010:01:EN:HTML Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs], ''OJEU'', L204, 26.07.2006, pp&nbsp;10–22.</ref>
  
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==References==
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==See also==
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{{reflist}}
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*[[Nepheline]], NaAlSiO<sub>4</sub>
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*[[Jadeite]], NaAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
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*[[Albite]], NaAlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>
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==Notes and references==
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===Notes===
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{{reflist|group=note}}
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===References===
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{{reflist|2}}
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==Further reading==
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*{{citation | first = Bonnie L. | last = Carson | date = October 2000 | title = Aluminum Compounds: Review of Toxicological Literature | url = http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=F52FF452-F1F6-975E-72A2FAAFE6CBDC6F | publisher = National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services}}.
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
 
{{wikipedia|Sodium aluminosilicate}}
 
{{wikipedia|Sodium aluminosilicate}}
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*{{EHC|194|name=Aluminium}}
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*{{HSDB|name=Aluminum compounds}}
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*{{JEFCA-mono|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v024je07.htm | name=Aluminium | whoseries=24}}
  
 
[[Category:Sodium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Sodium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Aluminosilicates]]
 
[[Category:Aluminosilicates]]
 
[[Category:Anticaking agents]]
 
[[Category:Anticaking agents]]
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{{CC-BY-3.0}}

Latest revision as of 05:53, 13 December 2009

Sodium aluminosilicate (amorphous)
Other names E554
Identifiers
CAS number [1344-00-9]
EC number 215-684-8
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Sodium aluminosilicates, sometimes called sodium silicoaluminates (especially in the United States), are a large class of compounds of general formula Na(2x)Al(2y)SizO(x+3y+2z)·mH2O, also written as xNa2O·yAl2O3·zSiO2·mH2O. They occur widely in nature as feldspars and other aluminosilicate minerals, and are also produced artificially on a large scale as zeolites, especially for use in laundry powders.[1]

Amorphous sodium aluminosilicate is manufactured for use as an anticaking agent in food (INS 554).[2][3] It is "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) at levels of less than 2% in the United States,[4] and is also approved for use in Australia and New Zealand,[5] Canada[6] and (in a limited range of products)[note 1] in the European Union.[7][8][9][10]

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ Only dried powdered foodstuffs (including sugars), salt and salt substitutes, sliced or grated hard, semi-hard and processed cheese and cheese analogues (< 10 g/kg total anticaking agents); seasonings and tin-greasing products (< 30 g/kg total anticaking agents); chewing gum, rice, food supplements as defined in Directive 2002/46/EC, foodstuffs in tablet and coated tablet form (quantum satis); sausages and confectionery (excluding chocolate; suface treatment only, quantum satis): Annex IV, Directive 95/2/EC, as modified by Art. 1.6 and Annex, Directive 98/72/EC and by Art. 1.3 and Annex I, Directive 2006/52/EC.

References

  1. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 141–16. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
  2. ↑ Codex Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives, 7th ed.; Codex Alimentarius Commission, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009. CAC/GL 36-1989, <http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/7/CXG_036e.pdf>.
  3. ↑ Sodium aluminosilicate; FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 2006, <http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph3/additive-391.pdf>.
  4. ↑ Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21: Food and Drugs, Part 182: Substances generally recognized as safe (edition of April 1, 2009).
  5. ↑ Standard 1.3.1, Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code.
  6. ↑ Table X to Division B.16, Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870).
  7. ↑ Art. 30, Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives, OJEU L354, 31.12.2008, pp 16–33.
  8. ↑ Annex IV, European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners, OJEU L61, 18.3.1995, pp 1–40.
  9. ↑ Art. 1.6 and Annex, Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners, OJEU L295, 4.11.1998, pp 18–30.
  10. ↑ Art. 1.3 and Annex I, Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs, OJEU, L204, 26.07.2006, pp 10–22.

Further reading

External links

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