Difference between revisions of "Calcium aluminium silicate"

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'''Calcium aluminium silicate''' is an artificial [[food additive]] used as an [[anticaking agent]] ([[International Numbering System for food additives|INS]]&nbsp;556).<ref name="Codex">{{FoodAdd Codex list}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | title = Calcium aluminium silicate | url = http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph3/additive-072.pdf | publisher = FAO/WHO [[Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives]] (JECFA) | date = 2006}}.</ref> Calcium aluminosilicates also occur naturally, as the mineral [[anorthite]] (CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>) and as other [[aluminosilicate mineral]]s.
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'''Calcium aluminium silicate''' is an artificial [[food additive]] used as an [[anticaking agent]] ([[International Numbering System for food additives|INS]]&nbsp;556).<ref name="Codex">{{FoodAdd Codex list}}.</ref><ref name="spec">{{citation | title = Calcium aluminium silicate | url = http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph3/additive-072.pdf | publisher = FAO/WHO [[Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives]] (JECFA) | date = 2006}}.</ref> Calcium aluminosilicates also occur naturally, as the mineral [[anorthite]] (CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>) and as other [[aluminosilicate mineral]]s.
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Calcium aluminium silicate for food use contains some sodium (0.5–4% by weight, expressed as Na<sub>2</sub>O) and relatively little aluminium (3–5% by weight, expressed as Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>):<ref name="spec"/> the approximate formula is NaCa<sub>6</sub>AlSi<sub>8</sub>O<sub>24</sub>·''x''H<sub>2</sub>O.
  
 
Calcium aluminium silicate is permitted as an anticaking agent for a limited range of food products<ref group="note" name="EU-anticake">Only dried powdered foodstuffs (including sugars), salt and salt substitutes, sliced or grated hard, semi-hard and processed cheese and cheese analogues (<&nbsp;10&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); seasonings and tin-greasing products (<&nbsp;30&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); chewing gum, rice, food supplements as defined in Directive&nbsp;2002/46/EC, foodstuffs in tablet and coated tablet form (''quantum satis''); sausages and confectionery (excluding chocolate; suface treatment only, ''quantum satis''): Annex&nbsp;IV, Directive&nbsp;95/2/EC, as modified by Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, Directive&nbsp;98/72/EC and by Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, Directive&nbsp;2006/52/EC.</ref> in the European Union.<ref>Art.&nbsp;30, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:354:0016:01:EN:HTML Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives], ''OJEU'' L354, 31.12.2008, pp&nbsp;16–33.</ref><ref>Annex&nbsp;IV, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31995L0002:EN:HTML European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L61, 18.3.1995, pp&nbsp;1–40.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31998L0072:EN:HTML Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L295, 4.11.1998, pp&nbsp;18–30.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:204:0010:01:EN:HTML Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs], ''OJEU'', L204, 26.07.2006, pp&nbsp;10–22.</ref> It is also permitted in Australia and New Zealand<ref>[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodstandards/foodstandardscode/standard131foodaddit4239.cfm Standard&nbsp;1.3.1], [[Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code]].</ref> and in Canada.<ref>Table&nbsp;X to Division&nbsp;B.16, [http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cr/C.R.C.-c.870 Food and Drug Regulations] (C.R.C., c.&nbsp;870).</ref> It is "[[generally recognized as safe]]" (GRAS) for use in table salt in the United States,<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr182_09.html Part&nbsp;182: Substances generally recognized as safe] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref> where it may also be used in vanilla powder at levels of less than 2%.<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr169_09.html Part&nbsp;169: Food dressings and flavorings] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref>
 
Calcium aluminium silicate is permitted as an anticaking agent for a limited range of food products<ref group="note" name="EU-anticake">Only dried powdered foodstuffs (including sugars), salt and salt substitutes, sliced or grated hard, semi-hard and processed cheese and cheese analogues (<&nbsp;10&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); seasonings and tin-greasing products (<&nbsp;30&nbsp;g/kg total anticaking agents); chewing gum, rice, food supplements as defined in Directive&nbsp;2002/46/EC, foodstuffs in tablet and coated tablet form (''quantum satis''); sausages and confectionery (excluding chocolate; suface treatment only, ''quantum satis''): Annex&nbsp;IV, Directive&nbsp;95/2/EC, as modified by Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, Directive&nbsp;98/72/EC and by Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, Directive&nbsp;2006/52/EC.</ref> in the European Union.<ref>Art.&nbsp;30, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:354:0016:01:EN:HTML Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives], ''OJEU'' L354, 31.12.2008, pp&nbsp;16–33.</ref><ref>Annex&nbsp;IV, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31995L0002:EN:HTML European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L61, 18.3.1995, pp&nbsp;1–40.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.6 and Annex, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31998L0072:EN:HTML Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners], ''OJEU'' L295, 4.11.1998, pp&nbsp;18–30.</ref><ref>Art.&nbsp;1.3 and Annex&nbsp;I, [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:204:0010:01:EN:HTML Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs], ''OJEU'', L204, 26.07.2006, pp&nbsp;10–22.</ref> It is also permitted in Australia and New Zealand<ref>[http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodstandards/foodstandardscode/standard131foodaddit4239.cfm Standard&nbsp;1.3.1], [[Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code]].</ref> and in Canada.<ref>Table&nbsp;X to Division&nbsp;B.16, [http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cr/C.R.C.-c.870 Food and Drug Regulations] (C.R.C., c.&nbsp;870).</ref> It is "[[generally recognized as safe]]" (GRAS) for use in table salt in the United States,<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr182_09.html Part&nbsp;182: Substances generally recognized as safe] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref> where it may also be used in vanilla powder at levels of less than 2%.<ref>[[Code of Federal Regulations]], Title&nbsp;21: Food and Drugs, [http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr169_09.html Part&nbsp;169: Food dressings and flavorings] (edition of April&nbsp;1, 2009).</ref>
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==See also==
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*[[Gehlenite]], Ca<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>7</sub>
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*[[Grossular]], Ca<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>
  
 
==Notes and references==
 
==Notes and references==
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===References===
 
===References===
 
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{reflist|2}}
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==Further reading==
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*{{citation | first = Bonnie L. | last = Carson | date = October 2000 | title = Aluminum Compounds: Review of Toxicological Literature | url = http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=F52FF452-F1F6-975E-72A2FAAFE6CBDC6F | publisher = National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services}}.
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==External links==
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*{{EHC|194|name=Aluminium}}
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*{{HSDB|name=Aluminum compounds}}
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*{{JEFCA-mono|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v024je07.htm | name=Aluminium | whoseries=24}}
  
 
[[Category:Calcium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Calcium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Aluminosilicates]]
 
[[Category:Aluminosilicates]]
 
[[Category:Anticaking agents]]
 
[[Category:Anticaking agents]]
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{{CC-BY-3.0}}

Latest revision as of 06:53, 13 December 2009

Calcium aluminium silicate (amorphous)
Other names E556
Identifiers
CAS number [1327-39-5]
EC number 215-476-7
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Calcium aluminium silicate is an artificial food additive used as an anticaking agent (INS 556).[1][2] Calcium aluminosilicates also occur naturally, as the mineral anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) and as other aluminosilicate minerals.

Calcium aluminium silicate for food use contains some sodium (0.5–4% by weight, expressed as Na2O) and relatively little aluminium (3–5% by weight, expressed as Al2O3):[2] the approximate formula is NaCa6AlSi8O24·xH2O.

Calcium aluminium silicate is permitted as an anticaking agent for a limited range of food products[note 1] in the European Union.[3][4][5][6] It is also permitted in Australia and New Zealand[7] and in Canada.[8] It is "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) for use in table salt in the United States,[9] where it may also be used in vanilla powder at levels of less than 2%.[10]

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ Only dried powdered foodstuffs (including sugars), salt and salt substitutes, sliced or grated hard, semi-hard and processed cheese and cheese analogues (< 10 g/kg total anticaking agents); seasonings and tin-greasing products (< 30 g/kg total anticaking agents); chewing gum, rice, food supplements as defined in Directive 2002/46/EC, foodstuffs in tablet and coated tablet form (quantum satis); sausages and confectionery (excluding chocolate; suface treatment only, quantum satis): Annex IV, Directive 95/2/EC, as modified by Art. 1.6 and Annex, Directive 98/72/EC and by Art. 1.3 and Annex I, Directive 2006/52/EC.

References

  1. ↑ Codex Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives, 7th ed.; Codex Alimentarius Commission, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2009. CAC/GL 36-1989, <http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/7/CXG_036e.pdf>.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Calcium aluminium silicate; FAO/WHO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 2006, <http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph3/additive-072.pdf>.
  3. ↑ Art. 30, Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives, OJEU L354, 31.12.2008, pp 16–33.
  4. ↑ Annex IV, European Parliament and Council Directive No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners, OJEU L61, 18.3.1995, pp 1–40.
  5. ↑ Art. 1.6 and Annex, Directive 98/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 October 1998 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners, OJEU L295, 4.11.1998, pp 18–30.
  6. ↑ Art. 1.3 and Annex I, Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 amending Directive 95/2/EC on food additives other than colours and sweeteners and Directive 94/35/EC on sweeteners for use in foodstuffs, OJEU, L204, 26.07.2006, pp 10–22.
  7. ↑ Standard 1.3.1, Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code.
  8. ↑ Table X to Division B.16, Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870).
  9. ↑ Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21: Food and Drugs, Part 182: Substances generally recognized as safe (edition of April 1, 2009).
  10. ↑ Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21: Food and Drugs, Part 169: Food dressings and flavorings (edition of April 1, 2009).

Further reading

External links

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