Hypobromous acid
| Hypobromous acid | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | Hypobromous acid[note 1] |
| Other names | Bromic(I) acid Bromanol Hydroxidobromine |
| Identifiers | |
| InChI | InChI=1/BrHO/c1-2/h2H |
| InChIKey | CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYAL |
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/BrHO/c1-2/h2H |
| Standard InChIKey | CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| CAS number | [] |
| ChemSpider | |
| Properties[2] | |
| Chemical formula | HOBr |
| Molar mass | 96.911 g mol−1 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 8.70 |
| Structure[3] | |
| Molecular geometry | bent: r(Br–O) = 182.80 pm, θ(Br–O–H) = 102.99° |
| Related compounds | |
| Other hypohalous acids | Hypofluorous acid Hypochlorous acid Hypoiodous acid |
| Other compounds | Hydrobromic acid Bromic acid |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
Hypobromous acid, HOBr, is an oxoacid of bromine. It is often considered to be only stable in aqueous solution,[2][4] but it can be prepared in sufficient quantities in the gas phase for spectroscopic studies.[3]
Contents
Preparation
Hypobromous acid can be prepared in solution by the reaction of bromine with a well-stirred suspension of mercury(II) oxide.[2]
- 2 Br2 + 2 HgO + H2O → 2 HOBr + HgO·HgBr2
It is also formed by the disproportionation of bromine in water, although the equilibrium concentration is only 1.15 × 10−3 mol dm−3 in a saturated bromine solution (0.21 mol dm−3) at 25 °C.[2]
- Br2 + H2O ⇌ HOBr + H+ + Br−
It can also be prepared in the gas phase by the reaction of water with dibromine monoxide, which is the formal anhydride of hypobromous acid.
- Br2O + H2O ⇌ 2 HOBr
Structure
Hypobromous acid has a bent C2v structure in the vapour phase, as expected from VSEPR theory, with r(Br–O) = 182.80 pm, θ(H–O–Br) = 102.99°.[3] Its rotational spectrum has been extensively studied.[5][6][7][8][9]
Reactivity
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ Hypobromous acid is a retained name in IUPAC nomenclature.[1]
References
- ↑ Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry; IUPAC Recommendations 2005; Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 2005; p 287. ISBN 0-85404-438-8, <http://www.iupac.org/publications/books/rbook/Red_Book_2005.pdf>.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1988; pp 563–67. ISBN 0-471-84997-9.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Cohen, E. A.; Mcrae, G. A.; Tan, T. L.; Friedl, R. R.; Johns, J. W. C.; Noel, M. The ν1 Band of HOBr. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1995, 173 (1), 55–61. DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1218.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 999–1007. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
- ↑ Koga, Yoshinori; Takeo, Harutoshi; Kondo, Shigeo; Sugie, Masaaki; Matsumura, Chi; McRae, G. A.; Cohen, E. A. The rotational spectra, molecular structure, dipole moment, and hyperfine constants of HOBr and DOBr. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1989, 138 (2), 467–81. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2852(89)90013-1.
- ↑ McRae, G. A.; Cohen, E. A. The ν2 band of HOBr. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1990, 139 (2), 369–76. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2852(90)90074-Z.
- ↑ Orphal, J.; Kou, Q.; Kwabia Tchana, F.; Pirali, O.; Flaud, J.-M. The ν3 bands of HOBr around 16 μm measured by high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 2003, 221 (2), 239–43. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00222-4.
- ↑ Orphal, J.; Flaud, J.-M.; Kou, Q.; Kwabia Tchana, F.; Pirali, O. The far infrared rotational spectrum of HOBr: line positions and intensities. J. Mol. Struct. 2005, 742 (1–3), 153–59. DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2005.01.006.
- ↑ Cohen, E. A.; Müller, H. S. P.; Tan, T. L.; McRae, G. A. High resolution spectroscopy of DOBr and molecular properties of hypobromous acid. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 2010, 262 (1), 30–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2010.04.009.
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