Caesium iodide

Caesium iodide
IUPAC name	Caesium iodide
Identifiers
InChI	InChI=1/Cs.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChIKey	XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-REWHXWOFAA
Standard InChI	InChI=1S/Cs.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1
Standard InChIKey	XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CAS number	[7789-17-5]
EC number	232-145-2
ChemSpider	23003
Properties
Chemical formula	CsI
Molar mass	259.81 g/mol
Appearance	white crystalline solid
Density	4.510 g/cm3, solid
Melting point	626 °C
Boiling point	1280 °C
Solubility in water	44 g/100 ml (0 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	soluble
Refractive index (nD)	1.739
Structure
Crystal structure	CsCl
Space group	Pm3m, No. 221
Lattice constant	a = 456.67 pm
Coordination geometry	Cubic (Cs+) Cubic (I−)
Hazards
EU index number	not listed
Flash point	non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Caesium fluoride Caesium chloride Caesium bromide
Other cations	Lithium iodide Sodium iodide Potassium iodide Rubidium iodide
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Caesium iodide (CsI) is an ionic compound often used as the input phosphor of an x-ray image intensifier tube found in fluoroscopy equipment.

An important application of caesium iodide crystals, which are scintillators, is electromagnetic calorimetry in experimental particle physics. Pure CsI is a fast and dense scintillating material with relatively high light yield. It shows two main emission components. One in the near ultraviolet region at the wavelength of 310 nm and one at 460 nm. The drawbacks of CsI are a high temperature gradient and a slight hygroscopicity.

Caesium iodide can be used in Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometers as a beamsplitter. CsI has a wider transmission range than the more common potassium bromide beamsplitters, extending usefulness into the far infrared. A problem with optical-quality CsI crystals is that they are very soft with no cleavage, making it difficult to create a flat polished surface. Also, the CsI optical crystals must be stored in a desiccator to prevent water damage to the surfaces, and coated (typically with germanium) to minimise water damage from short term atmospheric exposure during beamsplitter swapouts.

Optical properties

• Transmission range: 250 nm to 55 µm
• Refractive index: 1.739 at 10.6 µm
• Reflection loss: 13.6% at 10.6 µm (2 surfaces)

Physical properties

• Hardness (Knoop): 137.9 kPa (20 lbf/in²)
• Young's modulus: 5.3 GPa (769 lbf/in²)
• Modulus of rupture: 5.6 GPa (810 lbf/in²)
• Apparent elastic limit: 5.6 GPa (810 lbf/in²)