Firming agent
A firming agent is a food additive that makes or keeps tissues of fruit or vegetables firm and crisp, or interacts with gelling agents to produce or strengthen a gel. They typically act by precipitating residual pectin.
Codex Alimentarius list
| Codex Alimentarius name | INS number |
Authorizations | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EU | AU-NZ | CAN | USA | |||
| Aluminium ammonium sulfate | 523 | [note 1] | ✖ | ✔ | GRAS: 182.1127 | |
| Aluminium sodium sulfate | 521 | [note 1] | ✖ | ✔ | GRAS | |
| Aluminium sulfate | 520 | [note 1] | ✖ | ✔ | GRAS: Part 582 - Animal feed; REG, <2.0% in combo. w/<2.0% of 1-octenyl succinic anhydride -In modifying food starch -172.892; FEED,GMP/GRAS - 582.1125 | |
| Calcium chloride | 509 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | GRAS: 184.1193, Parts 131, 133, 150, 155 & 156 in Evaporated Milk; Cheese & Cheese Products; Part 133; VET, REG, For use in mastitis formulations for treating dairy animals - 526.820 | |
| Calcium citrates | 333 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ [note 2] [note 3] |
GRAS: Part 133, Process Cheese, Cheese Food & Spread, Part 150, Art Sw Fruit Jelly Preserves & Jam, Parts 155 & 156, certain canned vegetables; Part 31; Part 582 - Animal feeds; DS/NUTR, GRAS,GMP - 182.5195, 182.8195 | |
| Monocalcium citrate | 333(i) | ✔ | ||||
| Dicalcium citrate | 333(ii) | ✔ | ||||
| Tricalcium citrate | 333(iii) | ✔ | ||||
| Calcium gluconate | 578 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ [note 3] |
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has requested fully up-to-date toxicology information. | |
| Calcium hydroxide | 526 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | GRAS: Part 155, Canned Peas; Part 135, Frozen Desserts; Part 582, Animal feeds - 184.1205 | |
| Calcium phosphates | 341 | [note 4] | ✔ | GRAS: Part 150, Art Sw Jelly and Preserves; Part 136, Bread; DS/NUTR, GRAS, GMP - 182.5217, 182.8217 | ||
| Monocalcium dihydrogen phosphate | 341(i) | [note 5] | ✔ | GRAS:Part 150, Art Sw Jelly & Preserves; Part 155.200, Cnd Potatoes, Cnd Green or Red Sw Peppers, Canned Carrots; Part 155.190(a), Canned Tomatoes; Part 136, Bread; Part 582, Animal feeds; Part 137, Cereal Flours and other standardized foods | ||
| Calcium hydrogen phosphate | 341(ii) | [note 6] | ✔ | GRAS: Part 137, Cereal Flours and other standardized foods | ||
| Tricalcium phosphate | 341(iii) | [note 7] | ✔ | G: Part 150, Art Sw Jelly and Preserves; Part 136, Bread; DS/NUTR, GRAS, GMP - 182.5217, 182.8217 | ||
| Calcium sulfate | 516 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | GRAS: Part 133, Cheese and Related Cheese Pdts; Part 137, Cereal Flours; Part 136, Bakery Pdts; Part 135, Frozen Desserts; Part 150, Art Sw. Jelly & Preserves; Part 155, Cnd Vegetables; Part 156, Cnd Tomatoes - 184.1230 | |
| Curdlan | 424 | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | Use of curdlan has been reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, but it has not yet been assigned for toxicology literature search: 172.809 | |
| Magnesium chloride | 511 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | GRAS: 172.560, Modified Hop Extract - 184.1426 | |
| Magnesium gluconate | 580 | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has requested fully up-to-date toxicology information. | |
| Magnesium sulfate | 518 | ✖ | ✔ | ✔ | GRAS: GMP - 182.5443, 184.1443 | |
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Only in egg white (< 30 mg/kg as total Al) or in candied, crystallized and glacé fruit and vegetables (< 200 mg/kg as total Al): Annex IV, Directive 95/2/EC.
- ↑ Allowed in cream cheese spread, processed cheese, processed cheese food, processed cheese spread, in accordance with the requirements of sections B.08.038, B.08.039, B.08.040, B.08.041, B.08.041.1, B.08.041.2, B.08.041.3 and B.08.041.4. Limits: < 4.0% for calcium citrates; < 3.5% for calcium phosphates.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Allowed in unstandardised foods, subject to good manufacturing practice (GMP).
- ↑ Only in beverage whiteners (< 30 g/kg) or as specified for individual compounds: Directive 98/72/EC.
- ↑ Only in beverage whiteners for vending machines (< 50 g/kg): Directive 98/72/EC.
- ↑ Only in edible ices (< 1 g/kg): Directive 98/72/EC.
- ↑ Only in desserts (< 3 g/kg) or in dry powdered dessert mixes (< 7 g/kg): Directive 98/72/EC.
References
External links
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See also the corresponding article on Wikipedia. |
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