Spirostan
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Spirostan is a defined fundamental parent structure in the nomenclature of steroids.[1][2] It is characterised by a bicyclic side chain containing a ketone spiro acetal group. In the spirostan structure, the configurations of carbons 5 and 25 are not defined, and so must be specified for each derivative.
Occurrence
Spirostan steroids are common as the aglycosidic portions of plant saponins, and include:
| C-5 | C-25 | Other | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sarsasapogenin | β | S | 3β-OH |
| smilagenin | β | R | 3β-OH |
| tigogenin | α | R | 3β-OH |
| diosgenin | Δ5 | R | 3β-OH |
| anzurogenin-D | α | R | 3β-OH, 5α-OH, 6β-OH |
| sisalgenin | α | S | 3β-OH, C=O at C-12 |
| roscogenin | Δ5 | S | 1β-OH, 3β-OH |
References
- ↑ Revised Section F: Natural Products and Related Compounds (IUPAC Recommendations 1999). Pure Appl. Chem., 71 (4), 587–643. DOI: 10.1351/pac199971040587.
- ↑ Nomenclature of Steroids (IUPAC–IUB Recommendations 1989). Pure Appl. Chem., 61 (10), 1783–1822. DOI: 10.1351/pac198961101783.
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