| Potassium iodate
|
| IUPAC name |
potassium iodate
|
| Identifiers
|
| InChI |
InChI=1/HIO3.K/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
|
| InChIKey |
JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-REWHXWOFAL
|
| Standard InChI |
InChI=1S/HIO3.K/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
|
| Standard InChIKey |
JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|
| CAS number |
[7758-05-6]
|
| EC number |
231-831-9
|
| ChemSpider |
22856
|
| Properties[1]
|
| Chemical formula |
KIO3
|
| Molar mass |
214.00 g mol−1
|
| Appearance |
white crystals
|
| Density |
3.93 g cm−3
|
| Solubility in water |
4.74 g/100 ml (0 °C)
|
| Structure[2]
|
| Space group |
P1 (No. 1)
|
| Lattice constant |
a = 769.82(4) pm, b = 765.97(2) pm, c = 769.12(5) pm, α = 108.999(5)°, β = 109.745(2)°, γ = 109.085(5)°
|
| Hazards[3]
|
| EU index number |
not listed
|
| GHS pictograms |
 
|
| GHS signal word |
DANGER
|
| GHS hazard statements |
H272, H302
|
| GHS precautionary statements |
P210, P220, P221, P264, P270, P280, P301+312, P330, P370+378, P501
|
| Flash point |
Non-flammable
|
| Related compounds
|
| Other anions |
Potassium iodide
Potassium periodate
|
| Other cations |
Lithium iodate
Sodium iodate
Rubidium iodate
Caesium iodate
|
| Other compounds |
Potassium biiodate
|
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
|
Potassium iodate, KIO3, is a common iodine compound. It is used for the prophylaxis of iodine deficiency,[4][5] in radiological protection[6] and in analytical chemistry. It has also been used as a flour treatment agent,[7] although this is no longer recommended.
Preparation
Potassium iodate is commercially available in both reagent and analytical grades. It may be prepared by the reaction of elemental iodine with a concentrated aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide: at appropriate concentrations, the potassium iodate will precipitate leaving the by-product potassium iodide in solution.[8]
- I2 + 6 KOH → KIO3 + 5 KI + 3 H2O
Potassium iodate can also be prepared by the high-pressure oxidation of KI with oxygen at 600 °C or by the reaction of elemental iodine with potassium chlorate.[9]
- 2 KI + 3 O2 → 2 KIO3
- I2 + 2 KClO3 → 2 KIO3 + Cl2
Applications
Uses in food
Radiological protection
Analytical uses
Notes and references
Notes
References
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-133. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
- ↑ Lucas, B. W. Structure (neutron) of potassium iodate at 100 and 10 K. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. C: Cryst. Struct. Commun. 1985, C41, 1388–91. DOI: 10.1107/S0108270185007880.
- ↑ HSNO Chemical Classification Information Database, <http://www.ermanz.govt.nz/Chemicals/ChemicalDisplay.aspx?SubstanceID=1913> (accessed 9 September 2010), New Zealand Environmental Risk Management Authority.
- ↑ Clements, F. W.; Gibson, H. B.; Howeler-Coy, J. F. Goitre Prophylaxis by Addition of Potassium Iodate to Bread. Lancet 1970, 295, 489–92. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(70)91578-3.
- ↑ Jooste, Pieter L. Assessment of the iodine concentration in table salt at the production stage in South Africa. Bull. W. H. O. 2003, 81 (7), 517–21, <http://whqlibdoc.who.int/bulletin/2003/Vol81-No7/bulletin_2003_81%287%29_517-521.pdf>.
- ↑ Pahuja, D. N.; Rajan, M. G. R.; Borkar, A. V.; Samuel, A. M. Potassium Iodate and Its Comparison to Potassium Iodide As a Blocker of 131I Uptake by the Thyroid in Rats. Health Phys. 1993, 65 (5), 545–49. DOI: 10.1097/00004032-199311000-00014.
- ↑ Endo, Shigeru; Negishi, Yoshie; Shiiba (Nisshin Flour Milling Co.) New modified gluten product and bread improver composition. US Patent 4871577, issued 3 October 1989.
- ↑ Behrman, Abraham Sidney Process for the preparation of iodides. US Patent 2800390, issued 23 July 1957.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; p 1010. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
External links
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