Difference between revisions of "Phosphorus pentabromide"

Tetrabromophosphonium bromide
Identifiers
Standard InChI	InChI=1S/Br4P.BrH/c1-5(2,3)4;/h;1H/q+1;/p-1
Standard InChIKey	BVHDGQDJOKBOHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CAS number	[7789-69-7]
EC number	232-186-6
Properties
Chemical formula	PBr+4Br−
Molar mass	430.49 g mol−1
Structure
Space group	Pbcm (No. 57)
Lattice constant	a = 566.3(3) pm, b = 1703.1(5) pm, c = 824.7(5) pm
Coordination geometry	tetrahedral (P)
Molecular geometry	Td: r(P–Br) = 215 pm
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Phosphorus pentabromide
Other names	Phosphorus(V) bromide
Identifiers
InChI	InChI=1/Br5P/c1-6(2,3,4)5
InChIKey	QRKVRHZNLKTPGF-UHFFFAOYAR
Standard InChI	InChI=1S/Br5P/c1-6(2,3,4)5
Standard InChIKey	QRKVRHZNLKTPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS number	[7789-69-7]
EC number	232-186-6
ChemSpider	56429
Properties
Chemical formula	PBr5
Molar mass	430.49 g mol−1
Appearance	red-yellow solid
Density	3.595 g cm−3
Melting point	83.8 °C
Boiling point	106 °C decomp.
Solubility in water	hydrolyzes
Hazards
EU index number	not listed
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word	DANGER
GHS hazard statements	H314, H318
GHS precautionary statements	P260, P264, P280, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P363, P304+340, P310, P321, P305+351+338, P405, P501
Related compounds
Other anions	Phosphorus pentafluoride; Phosphorus pentachloride; Phosphorus pentaiodide
Other cations	Arsenic pentabromide; Antimony pentabromide; Bismuth pentabromide
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Revision as of 10:44, 7 January 2011

Phosphorus pentabromide, PBr₅, is the highest bromide of phosphorus. The PBr₅ molecule is unknown: the compound exists as PBr+4Br⁻ in the solid state, and dissociates to phosphorus tribromide and bromine in the gas phase.^[4]^[5] It is used as a brominating agent, converting carboxylic acids to acyl bromides^[1] and phenols and secondary alcohols to the corresponding bromides.^[6]^[7]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ukeles, S. D.; Freiberg, M. Bromine, Inorganic Compounds. In Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology; John Wiley: New York, 2002. DOI: 10.1002/0471238961.021815131001031.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Gabes, W.; Olie, K. Refinement of the crystal structure of phosphorus pentabromide, PBr₅. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem. 1970, 26, 443–44. DOI: 10.1107/S0567740870002595.
↑ HSNO Chemical Classification Information Database, <http://www.ermanz.govt.nz/Chemicals/ChemicalDisplay.aspx?SubstanceID=14517> (accessed 7 January 2011), New Zealand Environmental Risk Management Authority.
↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 571–75. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
↑ Finch, Arthur; Gates, Peter N.; Muir, Alan S. Variable-temperature Raman spectra of phosphorus(V) chloride and bromide deposited at 15 K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1981, 812–14. DOI: 10.1039/C39810000812.
↑ Kaslow, C. E.; Marsh, Max M. Substituted Bromoquinolines. J. Org. Chem. 1947, 12 (3), 456–59. DOI: 10.1021/jo01167a014.
↑ Eliel, Ernest L.; Haber, Ralph G. Conformational Analysis. V. The Reaction of cis- and trans-4-t-Butylcyclohexanol and trans-4-Methylcyclohexanol with Phosphorus Pentabromide. Syntheses of Alkylcyclohexyl Bromides. J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24 (2), 143–51. DOI: 10.1021/jo01084a001.

See also the corresponding article on Wikipedia.

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    }}
 | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
-|   Reference = <ref name="Kirk-Othmer">{{Kirk-Othmer | first1 = S. D. | last1 = Ukeles | first2 = M. | last2 = Freiberg | contribution = Bromine, Inorganic Compounds | doi = 10.1002/0471238961.021815131001031 | year = 2002}}.</ref><ref name="Struct">{{citation | first1 = W. Gabes and K. Olie | title = Refinement of the crystal structure of phosphorus pentabromide, PBr<sub>5</sub> | journal = Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem. | year = 1970 | volume = 26 | pages = 443–44 | doi = 10.1107/S0567740870002595}}.</ref>
+|   Reference = <ref name="Kirk-Othmer">{{Kirk-Othmer | first1 = S. D. | last1 = Ukeles | first2 = M. | last2 = Freiberg | contribution = Bromine, Inorganic Compounds | doi = 10.1002/0471238961.021815131001031 | year = 2002}}.</ref><ref name="Struct">{{citation | first1 = W. | last1 = Gabes | first2 = K. | last2 = Olie | title = Refinement of the crystal structure of phosphorus pentabromide, PBr<sub>5</sub> | journal = Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem. | year = 1970 | volume = 26 | pages = 443–44 | doi = 10.1107/S0567740870002595}}.</ref>
 |   Formula = PBr<sub>5</sub>
 |   MolarMass = 430.49 g mol<sup>−1</sup>