Difference between revisions of "Caesium perchlorate"
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{{chembox | {{chembox | ||
| − | | | + | | Name = Caesium perchlorate |
| ImageFile = cesium perchlorate.png | | ImageFile = cesium perchlorate.png | ||
| − | | ImageSize = 150px | + | | ImageSize = 150px |
| IUPACName = Caesium perchlorate | | IUPACName = Caesium perchlorate | ||
| − | |||
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| InChI = 1/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 | | InChI = 1/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 | ||
| + | | StdInChI = 1S/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 | ||
| + | | InChIKey = WKDKOOITVYKILI-REWHXWOFAB | ||
| + | | StdInChIKey = WKDKOOITVYKILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M | ||
| CASNo = 13454-84-7 | | CASNo = 13454-84-7 | ||
| EINECS = 236-643-0 | | EINECS = 236-643-0 | ||
| Line 13: | Line 15: | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| − | + | | Reference = <ref name="CAS">{{RubberBible62nd|page=B-91}}.</ref> | |
| Formula = CsClO<sub>4</sub> | | Formula = CsClO<sub>4</sub> | ||
| MolarMass = 232.36 g/mol | | MolarMass = 232.36 g/mol | ||
| Line 22: | Line 24: | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Reference = <ref name="ChTAS">{{citation | first1 = F. | last1 = Brezina | first2 = J. | last2 = Mollin | first3 = R. | last3 = Pastorek | first4 = Z. | last4 = Sindelar | title = Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin | publisher = SNTL | year = 1986}}.</ref> | ||
| CrystalStruct = [[orthorhombic]] (<219 °C)<br/>[[cubic]] (>219 ºC, ''a'' = 798 pm) | | CrystalStruct = [[orthorhombic]] (<219 °C)<br/>[[cubic]] (>219 ºC, ''a'' = 798 pm) | ||
| SpaceGroup = Pnma (<219 °C)<br/>F43m (>219 ºC) | | SpaceGroup = Pnma (<219 °C)<br/>F43m (>219 ºC) | ||
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| LattConst_b = 600 pm | | LattConst_b = 600 pm | ||
| LattConst_c = 779 pm (orthorhombic, <219 °C) | | LattConst_c = 779 pm (orthorhombic, <219 °C) | ||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.espimetals.com/msds's/cesiumperchlorate.pdf | + | | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.espimetals.com/msds's/cesiumperchlorate.pdf Commercial MSDS] |
| EUIndex = not listed | | EUIndex = not listed | ||
| FlashPt = non-flammable | | FlashPt = non-flammable | ||
| Line 40: | Line 42: | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Caesium perchlorate''', CsClO<sub>4</sub> | + | '''Caesium perchlorate''', CsClO<sub>4</sub>, is a [[perchlorate]] of [[caesium]]. It forms white [[Hygroscopy|hygroscopic]] crystals, which are soluble in water and [[ethanol]]. |
CsClO<sub>4</sub> is the least soluble of the alkali metal perchlorates (followed by Rb, K, Li, and Na), a property which may be used for separatory purposes and even for [[gravimetric analysis]]. <ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|page=1017}}.</ref> This low solubility played an important role in the characterization of [[francium]] as an alkali metal, as francium perchlorate [[Coprecipitation|coprecipitates]] with caesium perchlorate.<ref>{{citation | first = E. K. | last = Hyde | title = Radiochemical Methods for the Isolation of Element 87 (Francium) | year = 1952 | journal = J. Am. Chem. Soc. | volume = 74 | issue = 16 | pages = 4181–84 | doi = 10.1021/ja01136a066}}</ref> | CsClO<sub>4</sub> is the least soluble of the alkali metal perchlorates (followed by Rb, K, Li, and Na), a property which may be used for separatory purposes and even for [[gravimetric analysis]]. <ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|page=1017}}.</ref> This low solubility played an important role in the characterization of [[francium]] as an alkali metal, as francium perchlorate [[Coprecipitation|coprecipitates]] with caesium perchlorate.<ref>{{citation | first = E. K. | last = Hyde | title = Radiochemical Methods for the Isolation of Element 87 (Francium) | year = 1952 | journal = J. Am. Chem. Soc. | volume = 74 | issue = 16 | pages = 4181–84 | doi = 10.1021/ja01136a066}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| − | |+ Table of solubility in water<ref name=" | + | |+ Table of solubility in water<ref name="ChTAS"/> |
|- | |- | ||
! Temperature (°C) | ! Temperature (°C) | ||
| Line 75: | Line 77: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
[[Category:Caesium compounds]] | [[Category:Caesium compounds]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:28, 25 August 2009
| Caesium perchlorate | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC name | Caesium perchlorate |
| Identifiers | |
| InChI | InChI=1/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 |
| InChIKey | WKDKOOITVYKILI-REWHXWOFAB |
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 |
| Standard InChIKey | WKDKOOITVYKILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| CAS number | [] |
| EC number | |
| ChemSpider | |
| PubChem | |
| Properties[1] | |
| Chemical formula | CsClO4 |
| Molar mass | 232.36 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless crystalls |
| Density | 3.327 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
250 °C decomp. |
| Solubility in water | 1.974 g/100 ml (25 ºC) |
| Structure[2] | |
| Crystal structure | orthorhombic (<219 °C) cubic (>219 ºC, a = 798 pm) |
| Space group | Pnma (<219 °C) F43m (>219 ºC) |
| Lattice constant | a = 982 pm, b = 600 pm, c = 779 pm (orthorhombic, <219 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| Material safety data sheet (MSDS) | Commercial MSDS |
| EU index number | not listed |
| Flash point | non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Caesium chloride Caesium chlorate |
| Other cations | Lithium perchlorate Sodium perchlorate Potassium perchlorate Rubidium perchlorate |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
Caesium perchlorate, CsClO4, is a perchlorate of caesium. It forms white hygroscopic crystals, which are soluble in water and ethanol.
CsClO4 is the least soluble of the alkali metal perchlorates (followed by Rb, K, Li, and Na), a property which may be used for separatory purposes and even for gravimetric analysis. [3] This low solubility played an important role in the characterization of francium as an alkali metal, as francium perchlorate coprecipitates with caesium perchlorate.[4]
| Temperature (°C) | 0 | 8.5 | 14 | 25 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility (g / 100 ml) | 0.8 | 0.91 | 1.91 | 1.974 | 3.694 | 5.47 | 7.30 | 9.79 | 28.57 |
When heated, CsClO4 decomposes to caesium chloride above 250 °C. Like all perchlorates, it is a strong oxidant and may react violently with reducing agents and organic materials, especially at elevated temperatures.
References
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-91. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Brezina, F.; Mollin, J.; Pastorek, R.; Sindelar, Z. Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin; SNTL, 1986.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; p 1017. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
- ↑ Hyde, E. K. Radiochemical Methods for the Isolation of Element 87 (Francium). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74 (16), 4181–84. DOI: 10.1021/ja01136a066
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