Difference between revisions of "Caesium hydroxide"
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{{chembox | {{chembox | ||
| Name = Caesium hydroxide | | Name = Caesium hydroxide | ||
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
− | | CASNo = 21351-79- | + | | InChI = 1/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 |
+ | | StdInChI = 1S/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 | ||
+ | | InChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-REWHXWOFAG | ||
+ | | StdInChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M | ||
+ | | CASNo = 21351-79-1 | ||
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} | | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} | ||
+ | | EC-number = 244-344-1 | ||
+ | | ChemSpiderID = 56494 | ||
| RTECS = FK9800000 | | RTECS = FK9800000 | ||
| UNNumber = 2682 | | UNNumber = 2682 | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
+ | | Reference = <ref>{{RubberBible62nd|page=B-92}}.</ref> | ||
| Formula = CsOH | | Formula = CsOH | ||
− | | MolarMass = 149. | + | | MolarMass = 149.91 g/mol |
− | | Appearance = whitish-yellow | + | | Appearance = whitish-yellow solid, deliquescent |
| Density = 3.675 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | | Density = 3.675 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | ||
− | | MeltingPt = | + | | MeltingPt = 273.3 °C |
− | | Solubility = | + | | Solubility = 395.5 g/100 ml at 15 °C |
− | | | + | | Solubility1 = soluble |
− | + | | Solvent1 = ethanol | |
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| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
− | | DeltaHf = | + | | Reference = <ref>{{RubberBible87th|page=5-14}}.</ref> |
− | | Entropy = 104.2 | + | | DeltaHf = −416.2 kJ/mol |
− | | HeatCapacity = 69.9 | + | | Entropy = 104.2 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> |
− | + | | HeatCapacity = 69.9 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> | |
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}} | }} | ||
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
− | | | + | | Reference = <ref>{{GHS class JP|id=812|accessdate=2009-08-26}}.</ref> |
− | | EUIndex = | + | | ExternalMSDS = {{ICSC-small|15|92}} |
− | | FlashPt = | + | | EUIndex = not listed |
+ | | GHSPictograms = {{GHS skull and crossbones|Acute Tox. (inhal.) 1}}{{GHS corrosion|Skin Corr. 1B, Eye Dam. 1}}{{GHS exclamation mark|Acute Tox. (oral) 4}} | ||
+ | | GHSSignalWord = DANGER | ||
+ | | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|330|314|318|302}} | ||
+ | | FlashPt = non-flammable | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | ||
− | | OtherAnions = [[Caesium oxide | + | | OtherAnions = [[Caesium oxide]] |
| OtherCations = [[Lithium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Sodium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Potassium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Rubidium hydroxide]] | | OtherCations = [[Lithium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Sodium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Potassium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Rubidium hydroxide]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
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+ | {{chembox | ||
+ | | Name = Caesium hydroxide monohydrate | ||
+ | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
+ | | InChI = 1/Cs.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+1;;/p-1 | ||
+ | | StdInChI = 1S/Cs.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+1;;/p-1 | ||
+ | | InChIKey = ABSOMGPQFXJESQ-REWHXWOFAC | ||
+ | | StdInChIKey = ABSOMGPQFXJESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M | ||
+ | | CASNo = 35103-79-8 <!-- from Chemetall --> | ||
+ | | EC-number = 244-344-1 | ||
+ | | ChemSpiderID = 10620883 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
+ | | Formula = CsOH·H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
+ | | MolarMass = 167.93 g/mol | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{FixBunching|end}} | ||
− | '''Caesium hydroxide''' (CsOH) is | + | '''Caesium hydroxide''' (CsOH) is the product of the violent reaction between [[caesium]] and [[water]]: |
+ | :2Cs + 2H<sub>2</sub>O → 2CsOH + H<sub>2</sub> | ||
+ | It is a powerful [[base (chemistry)|base]], much like other alkali metal hydroxides such as [[sodium hydroxide]] and [[potassium hydroxide]], and will quickly corrode through glass. It is also extremely [[hygroscopic]], and laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a [[Hydrate|monohydrate]]. | ||
− | + | Caesium hydroxide is an anisotropic etchant of [[silicon]], exposing [[octahedron|octahedral]] planes. This technique can create pyramids and regularly-shaped etch pits for uses such as [[MEMS]]. It has a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used [[potassium hydroxide]].{{fact}} | |
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Further reading== | ||
+ | *{{OrgSynth | first1 = E. J. | last1 = Corey | authorlink1 = Elias James Corey | first2 = Mark C. | last2 = Noe | title = Preparation of ''O''-Allyl-''N''-(9-anthracenylmethyl)cinchonidinium Bromide as a Phase Transfer Catalyst for the Enantioselective Alkylation of Glycine Benzophenone Imine ''tert''-Butyl Ester: (4''S'')-2-(Benzhydrylidenamino)pentanedioic Acid, 1-''tert''-Butyl Ester-5-Methyl Ester | prep = v80p0038 | volume = 80 | pages = 38 | year = 2003}}. | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
− | * | + | *{{ICSC|15|92}} |
− | * | + | *{{PGCH|0111}} |
[[Category:Caesium compounds]] | [[Category:Caesium compounds]] |
Latest revision as of 21:20, 25 August 2009
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Caesium hydroxide (CsOH) is the product of the violent reaction between caesium and water:
- 2Cs + 2H2O → 2CsOH + H2
It is a powerful base, much like other alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and will quickly corrode through glass. It is also extremely hygroscopic, and laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a monohydrate.
Caesium hydroxide is an anisotropic etchant of silicon, exposing octahedral planes. This technique can create pyramids and regularly-shaped etch pits for uses such as MEMS. It has a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used potassium hydroxide.[ref. needed]
References
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-92. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 87th ed.; Lide, David R., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2006; p 5-14. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- ↑ GHS classification – ID 812, <http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/english/ghs_index.html#results> (accessed 26 August 2009), Japanese GHS Inter-ministerial Committee, 2006.
Further reading
- Corey, E. J.; Noe, Mark C. Preparation of O-Allyl-N-(9-anthracenylmethyl)cinchonidinium Bromide as a Phase Transfer Catalyst for the Enantioselective Alkylation of Glycine Benzophenone Imine tert-Butyl Ester: (4S)-2-(Benzhydrylidenamino)pentanedioic Acid, 1-tert-Butyl Ester-5-Methyl Ester. Org. Synth. 2003, 80, 38, <http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/orgsyn/prepContent.asp?prep=v80p0038>.
External links
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