Difference between revisions of "Beryllium sulfate"
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{{chembox | {{chembox | ||
| ImageFile = | | ImageFile = | ||
| − | | Name = Beryllium sulfate | + | | Name = Beryllium sulfate (anhydrous) |
| OtherNames = | | OtherNames = | ||
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| CASNo = 13510-49-1 | | CASNo = 13510-49-1 | ||
| − | | | + | | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} |
| − | |||
| PubChem = 26077 | | PubChem = 26077 | ||
| EINECS = 236-842-2 | | EINECS = 236-842-2 | ||
| RTECS = DS4800000 | | RTECS = DS4800000 | ||
| + | | ChemSpiderID = 24291 | ||
| + | | InChI = 1/Be.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 | ||
| + | | InChIKey = KQHXBDOEECKORE-NUQVWONBAA | ||
| + | | StdInChI = 1S/Be.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 | ||
| + | | StdInChIKey = KQHXBDOEECKORE-UHFFFAOYSA-L | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| Reference = <ref name="RubberBible">{{RubberBible62nd|page=B-82}}.</ref> | | Reference = <ref name="RubberBible">{{RubberBible62nd|page=B-82}}.</ref> | ||
| Formula = BeSO<sub>4</sub> | | Formula = BeSO<sub>4</sub> | ||
| − | | MolarMass = 105.075 g/mol | + | | MolarMass = 105.075 g/mol |
| Appearance = white solid | | Appearance = white solid | ||
| − | | Density = 2.50 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | + | | Density = 2.50 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
| − | | Solubility = | + | | Solubility = ''see text'' |
| SolubleOther = insoluble in alcohol | | SolubleOther = insoluble in alcohol | ||
| − | | MeltingPt = | + | | MeltingPt = 550–600 °C ''decomp.'' |
| − | | RefractIndex = | + | | RefractIndex = |
}} | }} | ||
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | Reference = <ref name="CLP">{{CLP Regulation|page=341}}</ref> | + | | Reference = <ref name="CLP">{{CLP Regulation|index=004-002-00-2|page=341}}</ref><ref name="PEL">{{PGCH-ref|id=0054|name=Beryllium and beryllium compounds}}.</ref> |
| − | |||
| EUIndex = 004-002-00-2 | | EUIndex = 004-002-00-2 | ||
| − | | GHSPictograms = {{GHS06|Acute Tox. | + | | GHSPictograms = {{GHS06|Acte Tox. 2, Acute Tox. 3}}{{GHS08|Carc. 1B, STOT RE 1, STOT SE 3, Skin Sens. 1, Eye Irrit. 2, Skin Irrit. 2}}{{GHS09|Aquatic Chronic 2}} |
| GHSSignalWord = DANGER | | GHSSignalWord = DANGER | ||
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|350|330|301|372|319|335|315|317|411}} | | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|350|330|301|372|319|335|315|317|411}} | ||
| + | | PEL = 0.002 mg m<sup>−3</sup> TWA (as Be)<br/>0.005 mg m<sup>−3</sup> 30 min. (as Be)<br/>0.025 mg m<sup>−3</sup> peak (as Be) | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = {{ICSC-small|1351}} | ||
| FlashPt = non-flammable | | FlashPt = non-flammable | ||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | | Section8 = {{Chembox Related | ||
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}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | {{FixBunching|mid}} | ||
| + | {{chembox | ||
| + | | ImageFile = | ||
| + | | Name = Beryllium sulfate tetrahydrate | ||
| + | | OtherNames = | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | CASNo = 7787-56-6 | ||
| + | | PubChem = 26077 | ||
| + | | EINECS = 236-842-2 | ||
| + | | RTECS = DS4800000 | ||
| + | | ChemSpiderID = 56423 | ||
| + | | InChI = 1/Be.H2O4S.4H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;;;/h;(H2,1,2,3,4);4*1H2/q+2;;;;;/p-2 | ||
| + | | InChIKey = DIMYTQPLZWDZFE-NUQVWONBAJ | ||
| + | | StdInChI = 1S/Be.H2O4S.4H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;;;/h;(H2,1,2,3,4);4*1H2/q+2;;;;;/p-2 | ||
| + | | StdInChIKey = DIMYTQPLZWDZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-L | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | Reference = <ref name="RubberBible"/> | ||
| + | | Formula = BeSO<sub>4</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 177.14 g/mol | ||
| + | | Appearance = white solid | ||
| + | | Density = 1.71 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
| + | | Solubility = 42.5 g/100 mL (25 °C) | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = insoluble in alcohol | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = 110 °C (−2H<sub>2</sub>O)<br/>400 °C (dihydrate, ''dehydr.'') | ||
| + | | RefractIndex = 1.4374 | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | Reference = <ref name="CLP"/><ref name="PEL"/> | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = {{ICSC-small|1351}} | ||
| + | | EUIndex = 004-002-00-2 | ||
| + | | GHSPictograms = {{GHS06|Acte Tox. 2, Acute Tox. 3}}{{GHS08|Carc. 1B, STOT RE 1, STOT SE 3, Skin Sens. 1, Eye Irrit. 2, Skin Irrit. 2}}{{GHS09|Aquatic Chronic 2}} | ||
| + | | GHSSignalWord = DANGER | ||
| + | | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|350|330|301|372|319|335|315|317|411}} | ||
| + | | FlashPt = non-flammable | ||
| + | | PEL = 0.002 mg m<sup>−3</sup> TWA (as Be)<br/>0.005 mg m<sup>−3</sup> 30 min. (as Be)<br/>0.025 mg m<sup>−3</sup> peak (as Be) | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | {{FixBunching|end}} | ||
| + | '''Beryllium sulfate''' (BeSO<sub>4</sub>) is a white crystalline solid. It was first isolated in 1815 by [[Jöns Jakob Berzelius]].<ref name="LathropParsons">{{citation | first = Charles | last = Lathrop Parsons | year = 1909 | title = The Chemistry and Literature of Beryllium | url = http://books.google.es/books?id=iI8vpmK7jgoC | location = London | pages = 29–33}}.</ref> | ||
| − | + | Beryllium sulfate may be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of any beryllium salt with sulfuric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution and crystallization. The hydrated product may be converted to anhydrous salt by heating at 400 °C,<ref name="RubberBible"/> although further heating leads to decomposition to [[beryllium oxide]] and [[sulfur trioxide]].<ref name="LathropParsons"/> The anhydrous salt is difficult to rehydrate, and is described as "insoluble" in cold water, although it will dissolve in hot water.<ref name="RubberBible"/> | |
| − | |||
| − | Beryllium sulfate may be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of any beryllium salt with sulfuric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution and crystallization. The hydrated product may be converted to anhydrous salt by heating at 400 °C.<ref> | ||
| − | A mixture of beryllium and radium sulfate was | + | A mixture of beryllium sulfate and radium sulfate was the [[neutron source]] that led to the discovery of both the [[neutron]] and of [[nuclear fission]].<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|page=120}}.</ref> |
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:47, 20 June 2010
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Beryllium sulfate (BeSO4) is a white crystalline solid. It was first isolated in 1815 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius.[4]
Beryllium sulfate may be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of any beryllium salt with sulfuric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution and crystallization. The hydrated product may be converted to anhydrous salt by heating at 400 °C,[1] although further heating leads to decomposition to beryllium oxide and sulfur trioxide.[4] The anhydrous salt is difficult to rehydrate, and is described as "insoluble" in cold water, although it will dissolve in hot water.[1]
A mixture of beryllium sulfate and radium sulfate was the neutron source that led to the discovery of both the neutron and of nuclear fission.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-82. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Index no. 004-002-00-2 of Annex VI, Part 3, to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. OJEU L353, 31.12.2008, pp 1–1355 at p 341.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Beryllium and beryllium compounds. In Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-149; Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2005. ISBN 9780160727511, <http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0054.html>.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lathrop Parsons, Charles The Chemistry and Literature of Beryllium; London, 1909; pp 29–33, <http://books.google.es/books?id=iI8vpmK7jgoC>.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; p 120. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 1351
- IPCS Environmental Health Criteria 106: Beryllium
- IPCS Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 32: Beryllium and Beryllium Compounds
- IPCS Health and Safety Guide 044: Beryllium
- Beryllium and Beryllium Compounds. In Beryllium, Cadmium, Mercury, and Exposures in the Glass Manufacturing Industry; IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 58; International Agency for Research on Cancer: Lyon, France, 1993; pp 41–117. ISBN 92-832-1258-4, <http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol58/mono58-6.pdf>
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