Caesium perchlorate

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Caesium perchlorate
Cesium perchlorate.png
IUPAC name Caesium perchlorate
Identifiers
InChI InChI=1/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey WKDKOOITVYKILI-REWHXWOFAB
Standard InChI InChI=1S/ClHO4.Cs/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
Standard InChIKey WKDKOOITVYKILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CAS number [13454-84-7]
EC number 236-643-0
ChemSpider 109912
PubChem 3035378
Properties[1]
Chemical formula CsClO4
Molar mass 232.36 g/mol
Appearance Colorless crystalls
Density 3.327 g/cm3
Melting point

250 °C decomp.

Solubility in water 1.974 g/100 ml (25 ºC)
Structure[2]
Crystal structure orthorhombic (<219 °C)
cubic (>219 ºC, a = 798 pm)
Space group Pnma (<219 °C)
F43m (>219 ºC)
Lattice constant a = 982 pm, b = 600 pm, c = 779 pm (orthorhombic, <219 °C)
Hazards
Material safety data sheet (MSDS) Commercial MSDS
EU index number not listed
Flash point non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions Caesium chloride
Caesium chlorate
Other cations Lithium perchlorate
Sodium perchlorate
Potassium perchlorate
Rubidium perchlorate
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Caesium perchlorate, CsClO4, is a perchlorate of caesium. It forms white hygroscopic crystals, which are soluble in water and ethanol.

CsClO4 is the least soluble of the alkali metal perchlorates (followed by Rb, K, Li, and Na), a property which may be used for separatory purposes and even for gravimetric analysis. [3] This low solubility played an important role in the characterization of francium as an alkali metal, as francium perchlorate coprecipitates with caesium perchlorate.[4]

Table of solubility in water[2]
Temperature (°C) 0 8.5 14 25 40 50 60 70 99
Solubility (g / 100 ml) 0.8 0.91 1.91 1.974 3.694 5.47 7.30 9.79 28.57

When heated, CsClO4 decomposes to caesium chloride above 250 °C. Like all perchlorates, it is a strong oxidant and may react violently with reducing agents and organic materials, especially at elevated temperatures.

References

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-91. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Brezina, F.; Mollin, J.; Pastorek, R.; Sindelar, Z. Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin; SNTL, 1986.
  3. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; p 1017. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
  4. Hyde, E. K. Radiochemical Methods for the Isolation of Element 87 (Francium). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74 (16), 4181–84. DOI: 10.1021/ja01136a066
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