Difference between revisions of "Data:Crystallographic properties of the elements"
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| [[Bismuth]] || || [[Trigonal crystal system|trigonal]] || R{{overline|3}}''m'' (No. 166) || arsenic || 454.59(10) || || 1186.22(10) || || || || 212.29(11) || 6 || 21.309(11) || 9.8071(50) || 26 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Bismuth]] || || [[Trigonal crystal system|trigonal]] || R{{overline|3}}''m'' (No. 166) || arsenic || 454.59(10) || || 1186.22(10) || || || || 212.29(11) || 6 || 21.309(11) || 9.8071(50) || 26 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[Cadmium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 297.9 || || 561.7 || || || || 43.17 || 2 || 12.999 || 8. | + | | [[Cadmium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 297.9 || || 561.7 || || || || 43.17 || 2 || 12.999 || 8.648 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> |
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2 | [[Carbon]] || [[graphite]] || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || C6/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Graphite structure|graphite]] || 246.12(1) || || 670.79(10) || || || || 35.189(6) || 4 || 5.2982(9) || 2.2670(4) || 15 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | rowspan=2 | [[Carbon]] || [[graphite]] || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || C6/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Graphite structure|graphite]] || 246.12(1) || || 670.79(10) || || || || 35.189(6) || 4 || 5.2982(9) || 2.2670(4) || 15 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Gold]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 407.86(2) || || || || || || 67.847(10) || 4 || 10.215(2) || 19.282(3) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Gold]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 407.86(2) || || || || || || 67.847(10) || 4 || 10.215(2) || 19.282(3) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Indium]] || || [[Tetragonal crystal system|tetragonal]] || I4/''mmm'' (No. 139) || || 325 || || 495 || || || || 52.28 || 2 || 15.742 || 7.294 || || <ref>{{citation | first1 = J. F. | last1 = Smith | first2 = V. L. | last2 = Schneider | title = Anisotropic thermal expansion of indium | journal = J. Less-Common Met. | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | year = 1964 | pages = 17–22 | doi = 10.1016/0022-5088(64)90013-X}}.</ref> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Iridium]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 383.94 || || || || || || 56.597 || 4 || 8.521 || 22.559 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Iron]] || α || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || I''m''3''m'' (No. 229) || [[Body-centered cubic structure|bcc]] || 286.64(5) || || || || || || 23.551(12) || 2 || 7.0918(37) || 7.8748(41) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Iron]] || α || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || I''m''3''m'' (No. 229) || [[Body-centered cubic structure|bcc]] || 286.64(5) || || || || || || 23.551(12) || 2 || 7.0918(37) || 7.8748(41) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Lead]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 495.05(5) || || || || || || 121.32(4) || 4 || 18.267(6) || 11.342(3) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Lead]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 495.05(5) || || || || || || 121.32(4) || 4 || 18.267(6) || 11.342(3) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Nickel]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 352.38(5) || || || || || || 43.756(19) || 4 || 6.5880(28) || 8.9117(38) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Nickel]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 352.38(5) || || || || || || 43.756(19) || 4 || 6.5880(28) || 8.9117(38) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Osmium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 271.4 || || 431.4 || || || || 27.52 || 2 || 8.286 || 22.96 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Palladium]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 388.24 || || || || || || 58.52 || 4 || 8.810 || 12.079 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Platinum]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 392.31(5) || || || || || || 60.379(23) || 4 || 9.0909(35) || 21.460(8) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Platinum]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 392.31(5) || || || || || || 60.379(23) || 4 || 9.0909(35) || 21.460(8) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Rhenium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 276 || || 445.8 || || || || 29.41 || 2 || 8.856 || 21.03 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Rhodium]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 385.6 || || || || || || 57.33 || 4 || 8.632 || 11.92 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Ruthenium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 270.4 || || 432.6 || || || || 27.39 || 2 || 8.247 || 12.26 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Selenium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P3<sub>1</sub>21 (No. 152)<br/>P3<sub>2</sub>21 (No. 154) || || 436.42(8) || || 495.88(8) || || || || 81.793(33) || 3 || 16.420(7) || 4.8088(19) || 26 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Selenium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P3<sub>1</sub>21 (No. 152)<br/>P3<sub>2</sub>21 (No. 154) || || 436.42(8) || || 495.88(8) || || || || 81.793(33) || 3 || 16.420(7) || 4.8088(19) || 26 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| Line 57: | Line 69: | ||
| [[Silver]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 408.62(2) || || || || || || 68.227(10) || 4 || 10.272(2) || 10.501(2) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Silver]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || F''m''3''m'' (No. 225) || [[Face-centered cubic structure|fcc]] || 408.62(2) || || || || || || 68.227(10) || 4 || 10.272(2) || 10.501(2) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | rowspan= | + | | rowspan=4 | [[Sulfur]] || α || [[Orthorhombic crystal system|orthorhombic]] || F''ddd'' (No. 70) || || 1046.46(20) || 1286.60(20) || 2448.60(40) || || || || 3296.73(97) || 16 (S<sub>8</sub>) || 124.088(40) || 2.0671(6) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> |
|- | |- | ||
| β || [[Monoclinic crystal system|monoclinic]] || P2<sub>1</sub>/''c'' (No. 14) || || 1104(3) || 1098(3) || 1092(3) || || 96.73(50) || || 1314.6(64) || 6 (S<sub>8</sub>) || 131.9(6) || 1.944(9) || 103 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | β || [[Monoclinic crystal system|monoclinic]] || P2<sub>1</sub>/''c'' (No. 14) || || 1104(3) || 1098(3) || 1092(3) || || 96.73(50) || || 1314.6(64) || 6 (S<sub>8</sub>) || 131.9(6) || 1.944(9) || 103 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | γ || [[Monoclinic crystal system|monoclinic]] || P2/''c'' (No. 13) || || 844.2(30) || 1302.5(10) || 935.6(50) || || 124.98(30) || || 843.0(51) || 4 (S<sub>8</sub>) || 126.9(8) || 2.021(12) || || <ref>{{citation | last = Watanabe | first = Yasunari | title = The Crystal Structure of Monoclinic γ-Sulphur | journal = Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem. | year = 1974 | volume = 30 | pages = 1396–1401 | doi = 10.1107/S0567740874004961}}.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ε || [[Trigonal crystal system|trigonal]] || R{{overline|3}} (No. 148) || || 1081.8(2) || || 428.0(1) || || || || 433.78(19) || 3 (S<sub>6</sub>) || 43.542(18) || 2.2092(10) || || <ref name="USGS"/> | | ε || [[Trigonal crystal system|trigonal]] || R{{overline|3}} (No. 148) || || 1081.8(2) || || 428.0(1) || || || || 433.78(19) || 3 (S<sub>6</sub>) || 43.542(18) || 2.2092(10) || || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Tantalum]] || || [[Cubic crystal system|cubic]] || I''m''3''m'' (No. 229) || [[Body-centered cubic structure|bcc]] || 3.3058 || || || || || || 36.127 || 2 || 10.878 || 16.634 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Tellurium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P3<sub>1</sub>21 (No. 152)<br/>P3<sub>2</sub>21 (No. 154) || || 445.70(8) || || 592.90(10) || || || || 102.00(4) || 3 || 20.476(8) || 6.2316(25) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Tellurium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P3<sub>1</sub>21 (No. 152)<br/>P3<sub>2</sub>21 (No. 154) || || 445.70(8) || || 592.90(10) || || || || 102.00(4) || 3 || 20.476(8) || 6.2316(25) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Tin]] || β (white) || [[Tetragonal crystal system|tetragonal]] || I4<sub>1</sub>/''amd'' (No. 141) || || 583.15(8) || || 318.13(6) || || || || 108.18(4) || 4 || 16.289(5) || 7.2867(24) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Tin]] || β (white) || [[Tetragonal crystal system|tetragonal]] || I4<sub>1</sub>/''amd'' (No. 141) || || 583.15(8) || || 318.13(6) || || || || 108.18(4) || 4 || 16.289(5) || 7.2867(24) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Titanium]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 295 || || 469 || || || || 35.35 || 2 || 10.64 || 4.50 || || <ref name="Wyckoff"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Zinc]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 266.5(1) || || 494.7(1) || || || || 30.428(24) || 2 || 9.162(7) || 7.134(6) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | | [[Zinc]] || || [[Hexagonal crystal system|hexagonal]] || P6<sub>3</sub>/''mmc'' (No. 194) || [[Hexagonal close-packed structure|hcp]] || 266.5(1) || || 494.7(1) || || || || 30.428(24) || 2 || 9.162(7) || 7.134(6) || 25 || <ref name="USGS"/> | ||
Revision as of 12:13, 4 April 2011
| Element | Phase | Crystal system |
Space group | Structure type |
Lattice parameters | Vcell/Å3 | Z | Vm/cm3 | ρ g cm−3 |
θ/°C | Notes Refs. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a/pm | b/pm | c/pm | α/° | β/° | γ/° | |||||||||||
| Aluminium | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 404 | 65.94 | 4 | 9.928 | 2.718 | [1] | |||||||
| Antimony | trigonal | R3m (No. 166) | arsenic | 431.0(1) | 1127.9(3) | 181.45(9) | 6 | 18.213(10) | 6.685(4) | 26 | [2] | |||||
| Arsenic | trigonal | R3m (No. 166) | arsenic | 376.0(1) | 1055.5(3) | 129.23(8) | 6 | 12.972(2) | 5.776(4) | 26 | [2] | |||||
| Bismuth | trigonal | R3m (No. 166) | arsenic | 454.59(10) | 1186.22(10) | 212.29(11) | 6 | 21.309(11) | 9.8071(50) | 26 | [2] | |||||
| Cadmium | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 297.9 | 561.7 | 43.17 | 2 | 12.999 | 8.648 | [1] | ||||||
| Carbon | graphite | hexagonal | C6/mmc (No. 194) | graphite | 246.12(1) | 670.79(10) | 35.189(6) | 4 | 5.2982(9) | 2.2670(4) | 15 | [2] | ||||
| diamond | cubic | Fd3m (No. 227) | diamond | 356.70(1) | 45.385(4) | 8 | 3.4166(3) | 3.5155(3) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Chromium | cubic | Im3m (No. 229) | bcc | 288.39 | 23.985 | 2 | 7.222 | 7.200 | [1] | |||||||
| Copper | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 361.50(1) | 47.242(20) | 4 | 7.1128(30) | 8.9331(37) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Gold | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 407.86(2) | 67.847(10) | 4 | 10.215(2) | 19.282(3) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Indium | tetragonal | I4/mmm (No. 139) | 325 | 495 | 52.28 | 2 | 15.742 | 7.294 | [3] | |||||||
| Iridium | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 383.94 | 56.597 | 4 | 8.521 | 22.559 | [1] | |||||||
| Iron | α | cubic | Im3m (No. 229) | bcc | 286.64(5) | 23.551(12) | 2 | 7.0918(37) | 7.8748(41) | 25 | [2] | |||||
| Lead | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 495.05(5) | 121.32(4) | 4 | 18.267(6) | 11.342(3) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Nickel | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 352.38(5) | 43.756(19) | 4 | 6.5880(28) | 8.9117(38) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Osmium | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 271.4 | 431.4 | 27.52 | 2 | 8.286 | 22.96 | [1] | ||||||
| Palladium | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 388.24 | 58.52 | 4 | 8.810 | 12.079 | [1] | |||||||
| Platinum | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 392.31(5) | 60.379(23) | 4 | 9.0909(35) | 21.460(8) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Rhenium | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 276 | 445.8 | 29.41 | 2 | 8.856 | 21.03 | [1] | ||||||
| Rhodium | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 385.6 | 57.33 | 4 | 8.632 | 11.92 | [1] | |||||||
| Ruthenium | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 270.4 | 432.6 | 27.39 | 2 | 8.247 | 12.26 | [1] | ||||||
| Selenium | hexagonal | P3121 (No. 152) P3221 (No. 154) |
436.42(8) | 495.88(8) | 81.793(33) | 3 | 16.420(7) | 4.8088(19) | 26 | [2] | ||||||
| Silicon | cubic | Fd3m (No. 227) | diamond | 543.05(3) | 160.15(3) | 8 | 12.056(2) | 2.3296(4) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Silver | cubic | Fm3m (No. 225) | fcc | 408.62(2) | 68.227(10) | 4 | 10.272(2) | 10.501(2) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Sulfur | α | orthorhombic | Fddd (No. 70) | 1046.46(20) | 1286.60(20) | 2448.60(40) | 3296.73(97) | 16 (S8) | 124.088(40) | 2.0671(6) | 25 | [2] | ||||
| β | monoclinic | P21/c (No. 14) | 1104(3) | 1098(3) | 1092(3) | 96.73(50) | 1314.6(64) | 6 (S8) | 131.9(6) | 1.944(9) | 103 | [2] | ||||
| γ | monoclinic | P2/c (No. 13) | 844.2(30) | 1302.5(10) | 935.6(50) | 124.98(30) | 843.0(51) | 4 (S8) | 126.9(8) | 2.021(12) | [4] | |||||
| ε | trigonal | R3 (No. 148) | 1081.8(2) | 428.0(1) | 433.78(19) | 3 (S6) | 43.542(18) | 2.2092(10) | [2] | |||||||
| Tantalum | cubic | Im3m (No. 229) | bcc | 3.3058 | 36.127 | 2 | 10.878 | 16.634 | [1] | |||||||
| Tellurium | hexagonal | P3121 (No. 152) P3221 (No. 154) |
445.70(8) | 592.90(10) | 102.00(4) | 3 | 20.476(8) | 6.2316(25) | 25 | [2] | ||||||
| Tin | β (white) | tetragonal | I41/amd (No. 141) | 583.15(8) | 318.13(6) | 108.18(4) | 4 | 16.289(5) | 7.2867(24) | 25 | [2] | |||||
| Titanium | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 295 | 469 | 35.35 | 2 | 10.64 | 4.50 | [1] | ||||||
| Zinc | hexagonal | P63/mmc (No. 194) | hcp | 266.5(1) | 494.7(1) | 30.428(24) | 2 | 9.162(7) | 7.134(6) | 25 | [2] | |||||
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Wyckoff, R. W. G. Crystal Structures, 2nd ed.; Interscience: New York, 1963.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 Robie, Richard A.; Bethke, Philip M.; Beardsley, Keith M. Selected X-ray crystallographic data, molar volumes, and densities of minerals and related substances; U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1248; Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C., 1967.
- ↑ Smith, J. F.; Schneider, V. L. Anisotropic thermal expansion of indium. J. Less-Common Met. 1964, 7 (1), 17–22. DOI: 10.1016/0022-5088(64)90013-X.
- ↑ Watanabe, Yasunari The Crystal Structure of Monoclinic γ-Sulphur. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem. 1974, 30, 1396–1401. DOI: 10.1107/S0567740874004961.
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