Difference between revisions of "Data:Ionization energies of the elements (Z = 1–30)"
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! rowspan=2 | [[Atomic number|''Z'']] | ! rowspan=2 | [[Atomic number|''Z'']] | ||
! rowspan=2 | Element | ! rowspan=2 | Element | ||
− | ! colspan= | + | ! colspan=13 | [[Ionization energy]]/[[Electronvolt|eV]] |
|- | |- | ||
! I | ! I | ||
Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
! IX | ! IX | ||
! X | ! X | ||
+ | ! XI | ||
+ | ! XII | ||
+ | ! XIII | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1 | | 1 | ||
| [[Hydrogen]] | | [[Hydrogen]] | ||
| 13.598 | | 13.598 | ||
− | | colspan= | + | | colspan=12 | |
|- | |- | ||
| 2 | | 2 | ||
Line 26: | Line 29: | ||
| 24.587 | | 24.587 | ||
| 54.416 | | 54.416 | ||
− | | colspan= | + | | colspan=11 | |
|- | |- | ||
| 3 | | 3 | ||
Line 33: | Line 36: | ||
| 75.638 | | 75.638 | ||
| 122.451 | | 122.451 | ||
+ | | colspan=10 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 4 | ||
+ | | [[Beryllium]] | ||
+ | | 9.322 | ||
+ | | 18.211 | ||
+ | | 155.893 | ||
+ | | 217.713 | ||
+ | | colspan=9 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 5 | ||
+ | | [[Boron]] | ||
+ | | 8.298 | ||
+ | | 25.154 | ||
+ | | 37.930 | ||
+ | | 259.368 | ||
+ | | 340.217 | ||
+ | | colspan=8 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 6 | ||
+ | | [[Carbon]] | ||
+ | | 11.260 | ||
+ | | 24.383 | ||
+ | | 47.887 | ||
+ | | 64.492 | ||
+ | | 392.077 | ||
+ | | 489.981 | ||
| colspan=7 | | | colspan=7 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 7 | ||
+ | | [[Nitrogen]] | ||
+ | | 14.534 | ||
+ | | 29.601 | ||
+ | | 47.448 | ||
+ | | 77.472 | ||
+ | | 97.888 | ||
+ | | 352.057 | ||
+ | | 667.029 | ||
+ | | colspan=6 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 8 | ||
+ | | [[Oxygen]] | ||
+ | | 13.618 | ||
+ | | 35.116 | ||
+ | | 54.934 | ||
+ | | 77.412 | ||
+ | | 113.896 | ||
+ | | 138.116 | ||
+ | | 739.315 | ||
+ | | 871.387 | ||
+ | | colspan=5 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 9 | ||
+ | | [[Fluorine]] | ||
+ | | 17.422 | ||
+ | | 34.970 | ||
+ | | 62.707 | ||
+ | | 87.138 | ||
+ | | 114.240 | ||
+ | | 157.161 | ||
+ | | 185.182 | ||
+ | | 953.886 | ||
+ | | 1103.089 | ||
+ | | colspan=4 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 10 | ||
+ | | [[Neon]] | ||
+ | | 21.564 | ||
+ | | 40.962 | ||
+ | | 63.45 | ||
+ | | 97.11 | ||
+ | | 126.21 | ||
+ | | 157.93 | ||
+ | | 207.27 | ||
+ | | 239.09 | ||
+ | | 1195.797 | ||
+ | | 1362.164 | ||
+ | | colspan=3 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 11 | ||
+ | | [[Sodium]] | ||
+ | | 5.139 | ||
+ | | 47.286 | ||
+ | | 71.64 | ||
+ | | 98.91 | ||
+ | | 138.39 | ||
+ | | 172.15 | ||
+ | | 208.47 | ||
+ | | 264.18 | ||
+ | | 299.87 | ||
+ | | 1465.091 | ||
+ | | 1648.659 | ||
+ | | colspan=2 | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 12 | ||
+ | | [[Magnesium]] | ||
+ | | 7.646 | ||
+ | | 15.035 | ||
+ | | 80.143 | ||
+ | | 109.24 | ||
+ | | 141.26 | ||
+ | | 186.50 | ||
+ | | 224.94 | ||
+ | | 265.90 | ||
+ | | 327.95 | ||
+ | | 367.53 | ||
+ | | 1761.802 | ||
+ | | 1962.613 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 13 | ||
+ | | [[Aluminium]] | ||
+ | | 5.986 | ||
+ | | 18.828 | ||
+ | | 28.447 | ||
+ | | 119.99 | ||
+ | | 153.71 | ||
+ | | 190.47 | ||
+ | | 241.43 | ||
+ | | 284.59 | ||
+ | | 330.21 | ||
+ | | 398.57 | ||
+ | | 442.07 | ||
+ | | 2085.983 | ||
+ | | 2304.080 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 14 | ||
+ | | [[Silicon]] | ||
+ | | 8.151 | ||
+ | | 16.345 | ||
+ | | 33.492 | ||
+ | | 45.141 | ||
+ | | 166.77 | ||
+ | | 205.05 | ||
+ | | 246.52 | ||
+ | | 303.17 | ||
+ | | 351.10 | ||
+ | | 401.43 | ||
+ | | 476.06 | ||
+ | | 523.50 | ||
+ | | 2437.676 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 15 | ||
+ | | [[Phosphorus]] | ||
+ | | 10.486 | ||
+ | | 19.725 | ||
+ | | 30.18 | ||
+ | | 51.37 | ||
+ | | 65.023 | ||
+ | | 220.43 | ||
+ | | 263.22 | ||
+ | | 390.41 | ||
+ | | 371.73 | ||
+ | | 424.50 | ||
+ | | 479.57 | ||
+ | | 560.41 | ||
+ | | 611.85 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 16 | ||
+ | | [[Sulfur]] | ||
+ | | 10.360 | ||
+ | | 23.33 | ||
+ | | 34.83 | ||
+ | | 47.30 | ||
+ | | 72.68 | ||
+ | | 88.049 | ||
+ | | 280.93 | ||
+ | | 328.23 | ||
+ | | 379.10 | ||
+ | | 447.09 | ||
+ | | 504.78 | ||
+ | | 564.65 | ||
+ | | 651.63 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 17 | ||
+ | | [[Chlorine]] | ||
+ | | 12.967 | ||
+ | | 23.81 | ||
+ | | 39.61 | ||
+ | | 53.46 | ||
+ | | 67.8 | ||
+ | | 97.03 | ||
+ | | 114.193 | ||
+ | | 348.28 | ||
+ | | 400.05 | ||
+ | | 455.62 | ||
+ | | 529.26 | ||
+ | | 591.97 | ||
+ | | 656.69 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 18 | ||
+ | | [[Argon]] | ||
+ | | 15.759 | ||
+ | | 27.629 | ||
+ | | 40.74 | ||
+ | | 59.81 | ||
+ | | 75.02 | ||
+ | | 91.007 | ||
+ | | 124.319 | ||
+ | | 143.456 | ||
+ | | 422.44 | ||
+ | | 478.68 | ||
+ | | 538.95 | ||
+ | | 618.24 | ||
+ | | 686.09 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 19 | ||
+ | | [[Potassium]] | ||
+ | | 4.341 | ||
+ | | 31.625 | ||
+ | | 45.72 | ||
+ | | 60.91 | ||
+ | | 82.66 | ||
+ | | 100.0 | ||
+ | | 117.56 | ||
+ | | 154.86 | ||
+ | | 175.814 | ||
+ | | 503.44 | ||
+ | | 564.13 | ||
+ | | 629.09 | ||
+ | | 714.02 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 20 | ||
+ | | [[Calcium]] | ||
+ | | 6.113 | ||
+ | | 11.871 | ||
+ | | 50.908 | ||
+ | | 67.10 | ||
+ | | 84.41 | ||
+ | | 108.78 | ||
+ | | 127.7 | ||
+ | | 147.24 | ||
+ | | 188.54 | ||
+ | | 211.270 | ||
+ | | 591.25 | ||
+ | | 656.39 | ||
+ | | 726.03 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 21 | ||
+ | | [[Scandium]] | ||
+ | | 6.54 | ||
+ | | 12.80 | ||
+ | | 24.76 | ||
+ | | 73.47 | ||
+ | | 91.66 | ||
+ | | 111.1 | ||
+ | | 138.0 | ||
+ | | 158.7 | ||
+ | | 180.02 | ||
+ | | 225.32 | ||
+ | | 249.832 | ||
+ | | 685.89 | ||
+ | | 755.47 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 22 | ||
+ | | [[Titanium]] | ||
+ | | 6.82 | ||
+ | | 13.58 | ||
+ | | 27.491 | ||
+ | | 43.266 | ||
+ | | 99.22 | ||
+ | | 119.36 | ||
+ | | 140.8 | ||
+ | | 168.5 | ||
+ | | 193.2 | ||
+ | | 215.91 | ||
+ | | 265.23 | ||
+ | | 291.497 | ||
+ | | 787.33 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 23 | ||
+ | | [[Vanadium]] | ||
+ | | 6.74 | ||
+ | | 14.65 | ||
+ | | 29.310 | ||
+ | | 46.707 | ||
+ | | 65.23 | ||
+ | | 128.12 | ||
+ | | 150.17 | ||
+ | | 173.7 | ||
+ | | 205.8 | ||
+ | | 230.5 | ||
+ | | 255.04 | ||
+ | | 308.25 | ||
+ | | 336.267 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 24 | ||
+ | | [[Chromium]] | ||
+ | | 6.766 | ||
+ | | 16.50 | ||
+ | | 30.96 | ||
+ | | 49.1 | ||
+ | | 69.3 | ||
+ | | 90.56 | ||
+ | | 161.1 | ||
+ | | 184.7 | ||
+ | | 209.3 | ||
+ | | 244.4 | ||
+ | | 270.8 | ||
+ | | 298.0 | ||
+ | | 355 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 25 | ||
+ | | [[Manganese]] | ||
+ | | 7.435 | ||
+ | | 15.640 | ||
+ | | 33.667 | ||
+ | | 51.2 | ||
+ | | 72.4 | ||
+ | | 95 | ||
+ | | 119.27 | ||
+ | | 196.46 | ||
+ | | 221.8 | ||
+ | | 243.3 | ||
+ | | 286.0 | ||
+ | | 314.4 | ||
+ | | 343.6 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 26 | ||
+ | | [[Iron]] | ||
+ | | 7.870 | ||
+ | | 16.18 | ||
+ | | 30.651 | ||
+ | | 54.8 | ||
+ | | 75.0 | ||
+ | | 99 | ||
+ | | 125 | ||
+ | | 151.06 | ||
+ | | 235.04 | ||
+ | | 262.1 | ||
+ | | 290.4 | ||
+ | | 330.8 | ||
+ | | 361.0 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 27 | ||
+ | | [[Cobalt]] | ||
+ | | 7.86 | ||
+ | | 17.06 | ||
+ | | 33.50 | ||
+ | | 51.3 | ||
+ | | 79.5 | ||
+ | | 102 | ||
+ | | 129 | ||
+ | | 157 | ||
+ | | 186.13 | ||
+ | | 276 | ||
+ | | 305 | ||
+ | | 336 | ||
+ | | 379 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 28 | ||
+ | | [[Nickel]] | ||
+ | | 7.635 | ||
+ | | 18.168 | ||
+ | | 35.17 | ||
+ | | 54.9 | ||
+ | | 75.5 | ||
+ | | 108 | ||
+ | | 133 | ||
+ | | 162 | ||
+ | | 193 | ||
+ | | 224.5 | ||
+ | | 321.2 | ||
+ | | 352 | ||
+ | | 384 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 29 | ||
+ | | [[Copper]] | ||
+ | | 7.726 | ||
+ | | 20.292 | ||
+ | | 36.83 | ||
+ | | 55.2 | ||
+ | | 79.9 | ||
+ | | 103 | ||
+ | | 139 | ||
+ | | 166 | ||
+ | | 199 | ||
+ | | 232 | ||
+ | | 266 | ||
+ | | 368.8 | ||
+ | | 401 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 30 | ||
+ | | [[Zinc]] | ||
+ | | 9.394 | ||
+ | | 17.964 | ||
+ | | 39.722 | ||
+ | | 59.4 | ||
+ | | 82.6 | ||
+ | | 108 | ||
+ | | 134 | ||
+ | | 174 | ||
+ | | 203 | ||
+ | | 238 | ||
+ | | 274 | ||
+ | | 310.8 | ||
+ | | 419.7 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | {{ | + | {{NSRDS-NBS 34}}. |
{{CC-BY-3.0}} | {{CC-BY-3.0}} |
Latest revision as of 09:39, 22 September 2010
Further information: Ionization energy
Z | Element | Ionization energy/eV | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | X | XI | XII | XIII | ||
1 | Hydrogen | 13.598 | ||||||||||||
2 | Helium | 24.587 | 54.416 | |||||||||||
3 | Lithium | 5.392 | 75.638 | 122.451 | ||||||||||
4 | Beryllium | 9.322 | 18.211 | 155.893 | 217.713 | |||||||||
5 | Boron | 8.298 | 25.154 | 37.930 | 259.368 | 340.217 | ||||||||
6 | Carbon | 11.260 | 24.383 | 47.887 | 64.492 | 392.077 | 489.981 | |||||||
7 | Nitrogen | 14.534 | 29.601 | 47.448 | 77.472 | 97.888 | 352.057 | 667.029 | ||||||
8 | Oxygen | 13.618 | 35.116 | 54.934 | 77.412 | 113.896 | 138.116 | 739.315 | 871.387 | |||||
9 | Fluorine | 17.422 | 34.970 | 62.707 | 87.138 | 114.240 | 157.161 | 185.182 | 953.886 | 1103.089 | ||||
10 | Neon | 21.564 | 40.962 | 63.45 | 97.11 | 126.21 | 157.93 | 207.27 | 239.09 | 1195.797 | 1362.164 | |||
11 | Sodium | 5.139 | 47.286 | 71.64 | 98.91 | 138.39 | 172.15 | 208.47 | 264.18 | 299.87 | 1465.091 | 1648.659 | ||
12 | Magnesium | 7.646 | 15.035 | 80.143 | 109.24 | 141.26 | 186.50 | 224.94 | 265.90 | 327.95 | 367.53 | 1761.802 | 1962.613 | |
13 | Aluminium | 5.986 | 18.828 | 28.447 | 119.99 | 153.71 | 190.47 | 241.43 | 284.59 | 330.21 | 398.57 | 442.07 | 2085.983 | 2304.080 |
14 | Silicon | 8.151 | 16.345 | 33.492 | 45.141 | 166.77 | 205.05 | 246.52 | 303.17 | 351.10 | 401.43 | 476.06 | 523.50 | 2437.676 |
15 | Phosphorus | 10.486 | 19.725 | 30.18 | 51.37 | 65.023 | 220.43 | 263.22 | 390.41 | 371.73 | 424.50 | 479.57 | 560.41 | 611.85 |
16 | Sulfur | 10.360 | 23.33 | 34.83 | 47.30 | 72.68 | 88.049 | 280.93 | 328.23 | 379.10 | 447.09 | 504.78 | 564.65 | 651.63 |
17 | Chlorine | 12.967 | 23.81 | 39.61 | 53.46 | 67.8 | 97.03 | 114.193 | 348.28 | 400.05 | 455.62 | 529.26 | 591.97 | 656.69 |
18 | Argon | 15.759 | 27.629 | 40.74 | 59.81 | 75.02 | 91.007 | 124.319 | 143.456 | 422.44 | 478.68 | 538.95 | 618.24 | 686.09 |
19 | Potassium | 4.341 | 31.625 | 45.72 | 60.91 | 82.66 | 100.0 | 117.56 | 154.86 | 175.814 | 503.44 | 564.13 | 629.09 | 714.02 |
20 | Calcium | 6.113 | 11.871 | 50.908 | 67.10 | 84.41 | 108.78 | 127.7 | 147.24 | 188.54 | 211.270 | 591.25 | 656.39 | 726.03 |
21 | Scandium | 6.54 | 12.80 | 24.76 | 73.47 | 91.66 | 111.1 | 138.0 | 158.7 | 180.02 | 225.32 | 249.832 | 685.89 | 755.47 |
22 | Titanium | 6.82 | 13.58 | 27.491 | 43.266 | 99.22 | 119.36 | 140.8 | 168.5 | 193.2 | 215.91 | 265.23 | 291.497 | 787.33 |
23 | Vanadium | 6.74 | 14.65 | 29.310 | 46.707 | 65.23 | 128.12 | 150.17 | 173.7 | 205.8 | 230.5 | 255.04 | 308.25 | 336.267 |
24 | Chromium | 6.766 | 16.50 | 30.96 | 49.1 | 69.3 | 90.56 | 161.1 | 184.7 | 209.3 | 244.4 | 270.8 | 298.0 | 355 |
25 | Manganese | 7.435 | 15.640 | 33.667 | 51.2 | 72.4 | 95 | 119.27 | 196.46 | 221.8 | 243.3 | 286.0 | 314.4 | 343.6 |
26 | Iron | 7.870 | 16.18 | 30.651 | 54.8 | 75.0 | 99 | 125 | 151.06 | 235.04 | 262.1 | 290.4 | 330.8 | 361.0 |
27 | Cobalt | 7.86 | 17.06 | 33.50 | 51.3 | 79.5 | 102 | 129 | 157 | 186.13 | 276 | 305 | 336 | 379 |
28 | Nickel | 7.635 | 18.168 | 35.17 | 54.9 | 75.5 | 108 | 133 | 162 | 193 | 224.5 | 321.2 | 352 | 384 |
29 | Copper | 7.726 | 20.292 | 36.83 | 55.2 | 79.9 | 103 | 139 | 166 | 199 | 232 | 266 | 368.8 | 401 |
30 | Zinc | 9.394 | 17.964 | 39.722 | 59.4 | 82.6 | 108 | 134 | 174 | 203 | 238 | 274 | 310.8 | 419.7 |
References
Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra. Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.) 1970, 34, 1–22, <http://www.nist.gov/data/nsrds/NSRDS-NBS34.pdf>.
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