Difference between revisions of "Nitrogen"

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(Created page with ''''Nitrogen''' (symbol: '''N''') is a chemical element. It is a colourless gas at room temperature and forms four-fifths of the Earth's atmosphere. ==Notes and reference…')
 
 
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{{Infobox element
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|name = nitrogen
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|symbol = N
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|left = [[carbon]]
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|right = [[oxygen]]
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|above = —
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|below = [[Phosphorus|P]]
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|atomic-number = 7
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|atomic-weight = 14.0067(2)
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|configuration = [He] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>3</sup>
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|phys-ref = <ref name="NIST">{{NIST chemistry | name = Nitrogen | id = 1S/N2/c1-2 | accessdate = 2010-09-22}}.</ref><ref name="AirLiquide">{{AirLiquide | name = Nitrogen | id = 5 | accessdate = 2010-09-22}}.</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=466–545}}.</ref>
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|melting-point = 63.3&nbsp;K (−209.8&nbsp;°C)
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|boiling-point = 77.34&nbsp;K (−195.81&nbsp;°C)
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|triple-point = 63.14 K, 0.1253(2) bar
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|critical-point = 126.19(1) K, 33.978(7) bar
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|density = 1.185 kg m<sup>−3</sup> (1 atm, 15&nbsp;°C)<br/>4.614 kg m<sup>−3</sup> (1 atm, 77.3&nbsp;K)<br/>0.808 607 g cm<sup>−3</sup> (l, 77.3&nbsp;K)
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|chem-ref = <ref name="AirLiquide"/><ref>{{Allred (1961)}}.</ref>
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|electronegativity = 3.04 (Pauling)
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|solubility = 23.4 cm<sup>3</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup> (1 atm, 0&nbsp;°C)
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|IE-ref = <ref>{{NSRDS-NBS 34}}.</ref>
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|IE1 = 14.534 096(12) eV<br/>1395.4176(12) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE2 = 29.601 eV<br/>2856.1 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE3 = 47.448 eV<br/>4578.0 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE4 = 77.472 eV<br/>7474.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE5 = 97.888 eV<br/>9444.8 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE6 = 352.057 eV<br/>33 968.3 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE7 = 667.029 eV<br/>64 358.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|IE-total = 1286.029 eV<br/>124 082.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|radius-ref = <ref>{{Cordero et al. (2008)}}.</ref><ref>{{Shannon (1976)}}.</ref><ref>{{Bondi (1964)}}.</ref>
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|covalent-radius = 71 pm
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|ionic-radius = 146 pm (N<sup>3−</sup>, ''T<sub>d</sub>'')
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|vdw-radius = 155 pm
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|thermo-ref = <ref>{{CODATA thermo}}.</ref>
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|entropy = 191.609(4) J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|enthalpy-atomization = 472.68(40) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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|CAS-number = 7727-37-9
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|EC-number = 231-783-9
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|StdInChIkey = IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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}}
 
'''Nitrogen''' (symbol: '''N''') is a [[chemical element]]. It is a colourless gas at room temperature and forms four-fifths of the [[Earth's atmosphere]].
 
'''Nitrogen''' (symbol: '''N''') is a [[chemical element]]. It is a colourless gas at room temperature and forms four-fifths of the [[Earth's atmosphere]].
  

Latest revision as of 20:41, 21 September 2010

carbon ← nitrogen → oxygen
—
↑
N
↓
P
Atomic properties
Atomic number 7
Standard atomic weight 14.0067(2)
Electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p3
Physical properties[1][2][3]
Melting point 63.3 K (−209.8 °C)
Boiling point 77.34 K (−195.81 °C)
Triple point 63.14 K, 0.1253(2) bar
Critical point 126.19(1) K, 33.978(7) bar
Density 1.185 kg m−3 (1 atm, 15 °C)
4.614 kg m−3 (1 atm, 77.3 K)
0.808 607 g cm−3 (l, 77.3 K)
Chemical properties[2][4]
Electronegativity 3.04 (Pauling)
Solubility in water 23.4 cm3 kg−1 (1 atm, 0 °C)
Ionization energies[5]
1st 14.534 096(12) eV
1395.4176(12) kJ mol−1
2nd 29.601 eV
2856.1 kJ mol−1
3rd 47.448 eV
4578.0 kJ mol−1
4th 77.472 eV
7474.9 kJ mol−1
5th 97.888 eV
9444.8 kJ mol−1
6th 352.057 eV
33 968.3 kJ mol−1
7th 667.029 eV
64 358.5 kJ mol−1
Total 1286.029 eV
124 082.9 kJ mol−1
Atomic radii[6][7][8]
Covalent radius 71 pm
Ionic radius 146 pm (N3−, Td)
Van der Waals radius 155 pm
Thermodynamic properties[9]
Standard entropy 191.609(4) J K−1 mol−1
Enthalpy change of atomization 472.68(40) kJ mol−1
Miscellaneous
CAS number 7727-37-9
EC number 231-783-9
Where appropriate, and unless otherwise stated, data are given for 100 kPa (1 bar) and 298.15 K (25 °C).
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Nitrogen (symbol: N) is a chemical element. It is a colourless gas at room temperature and forms four-fifths of the Earth's atmosphere.

Notes and references

Notes

References

  1. ↑ Nitrogen. In NIST Chemistry WebBook; National Institute for Standards and Technology, <http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/N2/c1-2>. (accessed 22 September 2010).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nitrogen. In Gas Encyclopedia; Air Liquide, <http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp?GasID=5>. (accessed 22 September 2010).
  3. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 466–545. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
  4. ↑ Allred, A. L. Electronegativity values from thermochemical data. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1961, 17 (3–4), 215–21. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1902(61)80142-5.
  5. ↑ Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra. Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.) 1970, 34, 1–22, <http://www.nist.gov/data/nsrds/NSRDS-NBS34.pdf>.
  6. ↑ Cordero, Beatriz; Gómez, Verónica; Platero-Prats, Ana E.; Revés, Marc; Echeverría, Jorge; Cremades, Eduard; Barragán, Flavia; Alvarez, Santiago Covalent radii revisited. Dalton Trans. 2008 (5), 2832–38. DOI: 10.1039/b801115j.
  7. ↑ Shannon, R. D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halids and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr. A 1976, 32 (5), 751–67. DOI: 10.1107/S0567739476001551.
  8. ↑ Bondi, A. van der Waals Volumes and Radii. J. Phys. Chem. 1964, 68 (3), 441–51. DOI: 10.1021/j100785a001.
  9. ↑ Cox, J. D.; Wagman, D. D.; Medvedev, V. A. CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics; Hemisphere: New York, 1989. ISBN 0891167587, <http://www.codata.org/resources/databases/key1.html>.

External links

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