Difference between revisions of "Fluorine"

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|enthalpy-atomization = 79.38(30) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|enthalpy-atomization = 79.38(30) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|heat-capacity = 31 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|heat-capacity = 31 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
 +
|hazard-ref = <ref>{{CLP Regulation|index=009-001-00-0|page=362}}</ref>
 +
|pictograms = {{GHS03|Ox. Gas 1}}{{GHS04|Press. Gas}}{{GHS06|Acute Tox. 2}}{{GHS05|Skin Corr. 1A}}
 +
|signal-word = DANGER
 +
|hazard-statements = {{H-phrases|270|330|314}}
 
|misc-ref =  
 
|misc-ref =  
 
|CAS-number = 7782-41-4
 
|CAS-number = 7782-41-4

Latest revision as of 09:20, 22 September 2010

oxygen ← fluorine → neon
–
↑
F
↓
Cl
Atomic properties
Atomic number 9
Standard atomic weight 18.998 4032(5)
Electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p5
Physical properties (F2)[1][2]
Melting point 55.2(3) K (−218.0 °C)
Boiling point 85.2(3) K (−188.0 °C)
Critical point 144.3 K, 52.15 bar
Density 1.59 kg m−3 (1 atm, 15 °C)
1.502 g cm−3 (l, 85.2 K)
Chemical properties[3][4]
Electronegativity 3.98 (Pauling)
Solubility in water reacts violently
Ionization energies[5]
1st 17.422 816(50) eV,
1672.7634(48) kJ mol−1
2nd 34.970 eV,
3374.1 kJ mol−1
3rd 62.707 eV,
650.3 kJ mol−1
4th 87.138 eV,
8407.5 kJ mol−1
5th 114.240 eV,
11 022.5 kJ mol−1
6th 157.161 eV,
15 163.7 kJ mol−1
7th 185.182 eV,
17 867.3 kJ mol−1
Electron affinity[4]
3.447 eV
332.6 kJ mol−1
Atomic radii [6][7][8]
Covalent radius 57 pm
Ionic radius 119 pm (F−, Oh)
Van der Waals radius 147 pm
Thermodynamic properties (F2)[9][2][4]
Standard entropy 202.791(5) J K−1 mol−1
Enthalpy change of atomization 79.38(30) kJ mol−1
Enthalpy change of fusion 0.51 kJ mol−1
Enthalpy change of vaporization 6.54 kJ mol−1
Molar heat capacity (Cp) 31 J K−1 mol−1
Hazards[10]
GHS pictograms Ox. Gas 1Press. GasAcute Tox. 2Skin Corr. 1A
GHS signal word DANGER
GHS hazard statements H270, H330, H314
Miscellaneous
CAS number 7782-41-4
EC number 231-954-8
Where appropriate, and unless otherwise stated, data are given for 100 kPa (1 bar) and 298.15 K (25 °C).
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Fluorine (symbol: F) is a chemical element, the lightest of the halogens and the most electronegative of the elements.

Notes and references

Notes

References

  1. ↑ Fluorine. In NIST Chemistry WebBook; National Institute for Standards and Technology, <http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/F2/c1-2>. (accessed 22 September 2010).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fluorine. In Gas Encyclopedia; Air Liquide, <http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp?GasID=84>. (accessed 22 September 2010).
  3. ↑ Allred, A. L. Electronegativity values from thermochemical data. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1961, 17 (3–4), 215–21. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1902(61)80142-5.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 920–1041. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
  5. ↑ Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra. Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.) 1970, 34, 1–22, <http://www.nist.gov/data/nsrds/NSRDS-NBS34.pdf>.
  6. ↑ Cordero, Beatriz; Gómez, Verónica; Platero-Prats, Ana E.; Revés, Marc; Echeverría, Jorge; Cremades, Eduard; Barragán, Flavia; Alvarez, Santiago Covalent radii revisited. Dalton Trans. 2008 (5), 2832–38. DOI: 10.1039/b801115j.
  7. ↑ Shannon, R. D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halids and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr. A 1976, 32 (5), 751–67. DOI: 10.1107/S0567739476001551.
  8. ↑ Bondi, A. van der Waals Volumes and Radii. J. Phys. Chem. 1964, 68 (3), 441–51. DOI: 10.1021/j100785a001.
  9. ↑ Cox, J. D.; Wagman, D. D.; Medvedev, V. A. CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics; Hemisphere: New York, 1989. ISBN 0891167587, <http://www.codata.org/resources/databases/key1.html>.
  10. ↑ Index no. 009-001-00-0 of Annex VI, Part 3, to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. OJEU L353, 31.12.2008, pp 1–1355 at p 362.

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