Difference between revisions of "Fermium"
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|below = – | |below = – | ||
|atomic-number = 100 | |atomic-number = 100 | ||
| − | |configuration = [Rn] | + | |configuration = [Rn] 5f<sup>12</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> |
| − | |phys-ref = <ref name="H&G">Haire | + | |phys-ref = <ref name="H&G">{{citation | last1 = Haire | first1 = Richard G. | last2 = Gibson | first2 = John K. | year = 1989 | title = The enthalpy of sublimation and thermodynamic functions of fermium | journal = J. Chem. Phys. | volume = 91 | issue = 11 | pages = 7085–96 | doi = 10.1063/1.457326}}.</ref> |
|melting-point = 1125 K (850 °C) ''est.'' | |melting-point = 1125 K (850 °C) ''est.'' | ||
|density = | |density = | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
|IE-ref = | |IE-ref = | ||
|IE1 = 6.50 eV<br/>627 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> | |IE1 = 6.50 eV<br/>627 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> | ||
| − | |radius-ref = <ref name="H&G"/><ref>David | + | |radius-ref = <ref name="H&G"/><ref>{{citation | last1 = David | first1 = F. | last2 = Samhoun | first2 = K. | last3 = Guillaumont | first3 = R. | last4 = Edelstein | first4 = N. | year = 1978 | title = Thermodynamic properties of 5''f'' elements | journal = J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. | volume = 40 | issue = 1 | pages = 69–74 | doi = 10.1016/0022-1902(78)80309-1}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | last1 = Brüchle | first1 = W. | last2 = Schädel | first2 = M. | last3 = Scherer | first3 = U. W. | last4 = Kratz | first4 = J. V. | last5 = Gregorich | first5 = K. E. | last6 = Lee | first6 = D. | last7 = Nurmia | first7 = M. | last8 = Chasteler | first8 = R. M. | last9 = Hall | first9 = H. L. | last10 = Henderson | first10 = R. A. | last11 = Hoffman | first11 = D. C. | year = 1988 | title = The hydration enthalpies of Md<sup>3+</sup> and Lr<sup>3+</sup> | journal = Inorg. Chim. Acta | volume = 146 | issue = 2 | pages = 267–76 | doi = 10.1016/S0020-1693(00)80619-2}}.</ref> |
|metallic-radius = 196 pm ''est.'' | |metallic-radius = 196 pm ''est.'' | ||
|ionic-radius = 92 pm (Fm<sup>3+</sup>) ''est.'' | |ionic-radius = 92 pm (Fm<sup>3+</sup>) ''est.'' | ||
|thermo-ref = <ref name="H&G"/> | |thermo-ref = <ref name="H&G"/> | ||
|enthalpy-atomization = 142(13) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> | |enthalpy-atomization = 142(13) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> | ||
| + | |entropy-atomization = 98(13) J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> | ||
|misc-ref = | |misc-ref = | ||
|CAS-number = 7440-72-4 | |CAS-number = 7440-72-4 | ||
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Fermium (symbol: Fm) is a synthetic chemical element and a member of the actinoid series. It is the heaviest element than can be formed by neutron bombardment of lighter elements, and hence the last element that can be prepared in macroscopic quantities.
Contents
Discovery
Notes and references
Notes
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Haire, Richard G.; Gibson, John K. The enthalpy of sublimation and thermodynamic functions of fermium. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 91 (11), 7085–96. DOI: 10.1063/1.457326.
- ↑ David, F.; Samhoun, K.; Guillaumont, R.; Edelstein, N. Thermodynamic properties of 5f elements. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1978, 40 (1), 69–74. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1902(78)80309-1.
- ↑ Brüchle, W.; Schädel, M.; Scherer, U. W.; Kratz, J. V.; Gregorich, K. E.; Lee, D.; Nurmia, M.; Chasteler, R. M., et al. The hydration enthalpies of Md3+ and Lr3+. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1988, 146 (2), 267–76. DOI: 10.1016/S0020-1693(00)80619-2.
Further reading
- Hulet, E. K. Chemistry of the Heaviest Actinides: Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium, and Lawrencium. In Lanthanide and Actinide Chemistry and Spectroscopy; Edelstein, Norman M., Ed.; American Chemical Society: Washington, D.C.; Chapter 12, pp 239–63. ACS Symposium Series, Vol. 131. ISBN 9780841205680. DOI: 10.1021/bk-1980-0131.ch012.
- Silva, Robert J. Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium, and Lawrencium. In The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements, 3rd ed.; Morss, Lester R.; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean, Eds.; Springer: Dordrecht, 2006; Vol. 3, Chapter 13, pp 1621–51. doi:10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_13, <http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/Fm%20to%20Lr.pdf>
External links
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See also the corresponding article on Wikipedia. |
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