Difference between revisions of "Yttrium"

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(Created page with "{{Infobox element |name = yttrium |symbol = Y |left = strontium |right = zirconium |above = Sc |below = La |atomic-number = 39 |atomic-weight =...")
 
 
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|electronegativity = 1.22 (Pauling)
 
|electronegativity = 1.22 (Pauling)
 
|solubility = reacts
 
|solubility = reacts
−
|IE-ref = <ref>{{citation | last1 = Garton | first1 = W. R. S. | last2 = Reeves | first2 = E. M. | last3 = Tomkins | first3 = F. S. | last4 = Ercoli | first4 = B. | title = Rydberg Series and Autoionization Resonances in the Y I Absorption Spectrum | journal = Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser.&nbsp;A | year = 1973 | volume = 333 | pages = 17–24 | doi = 10.1098/rspa.1973.0044}}.</ref>
+
|IE-ref = <ref>{{citation | last1 = Garton | first1 = W. R. S. | last2 = Reeves | first2 = E. M. | last3 = Tomkins | first3 = F. S. | last4 = Ercoli | first4 = B. | title = Rydberg Series and Autoionization Resonances in the Y I Absorption Spectrum | journal = Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser.&nbsp;A | year = 1973 | volume = 333 | pages = 17–24 | doi = 10.1098/rspa.1973.0044}}.</ref><ref>{{NSRDS-NBS 34}}.</ref>
 
|IE1 = 6.217 eV<br/>602.1 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|IE1 = 6.217 eV<br/>602.1 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
−
|IE2 =  
+
|IE2 = 12.24 eV<br/>1181 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
−
|IE3 =  
+
|IE3 = 28.03 eV<br/>1980 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|EA-ref = <ref>{{citation | last1 = Feigerle | first1 = C. S. | last2 = Herman | first2 = Z. | last3 = Lineberger | first3 = W. C. | title = Laser Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sc<sup>−</sup> and Y<sup>−</sup>: A Determination of the Order of Electron Filling in Transition Metal Anions | journal = J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. | year = 1981 | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 441–50 | doi = 10.1016/0368-2048(81)85050-5}}.</ref>
 
|EA-ref = <ref>{{citation | last1 = Feigerle | first1 = C. S. | last2 = Herman | first2 = Z. | last3 = Lineberger | first3 = W. C. | title = Laser Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sc<sup>−</sup> and Y<sup>−</sup>: A Determination of the Order of Electron Filling in Transition Metal Anions | journal = J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. | year = 1981 | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 441–50 | doi = 10.1016/0368-2048(81)85050-5}}.</ref>
 
|EA1 = 0.308(12) eV<br/>29.7(12) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
 
|EA1 = 0.308(12) eV<br/>29.7(12) kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>

Latest revision as of 19:34, 27 December 2010

strontium ← yttrium → zirconium
Sc
↑
Y
↓
La
Atomic properties
Atomic number 39
Standard atomic weight 88.905 85(2)
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d1 5s2
Physical properties[1]
Melting point 1530 °C (1803 K)
Boiling point 3264 °C (3537 K)
Density 4.5 g cm−3 (20 °C)
Electric resistivity 57–70 μΩ cm
Chemical properties[1][2]
Electronegativity 1.22 (Pauling)
Solubility in water reacts
Ionization energies[3][4]
1st 6.217 eV
602.1 kJ mol−1
2nd 12.24 eV
1181 kJ mol−1
3rd 28.03 eV
1980 kJ mol−1
Electron affinity[5]
0.308(12) eV
29.7(12) kJ mol−1
Atomic radii[1][6][7]
Covalent radius 190 pm
Metallic radius 180 pm
Ionic radius 104.0 pm (Y3+, Oh)
Thermodynamic properties[1]
Enthalpy change of atomization 425(8) kJ mol−1
Enthalpy change of fusion 111.5 kJ mol−1
Enthalpy change of vaporization 367 kJ mol−1
Miscellaneous
CAS number 7440-65-5
EC number 231-174-8
Where appropriate, and unless otherwise stated, data are given for 100 kPa (1 bar) and 298.15 K (25 °C).
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Yttrium (symbol: Y) is a chemical element, one of the transition metals and also a rare earth element.

Notes and references

Notes

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon: Oxford, 1984; pp 1102–10. ISBN 0-08-022057-6.
  2. ↑ Allred, A. L. Electronegativity values from thermochemical data. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1961, 17 (3–4), 215–21. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1902(61)80142-5.
  3. ↑ Garton, W. R. S.; Reeves, E. M.; Tomkins, F. S.; Ercoli, B. Rydberg Series and Autoionization Resonances in the Y I Absorption Spectrum. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 1973, 333, 17–24. DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1973.0044.
  4. ↑ Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra. Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.) 1970, 34, 1–22, <http://www.nist.gov/data/nsrds/NSRDS-NBS34.pdf>.
  5. ↑ Feigerle, C. S.; Herman, Z.; Lineberger, W. C. Laser Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sc− and Y−: A Determination of the Order of Electron Filling in Transition Metal Anions. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 1981, 23 (3), 441–50. DOI: 10.1016/0368-2048(81)85050-5.
  6. ↑ Cordero, Beatriz; Gómez, Verónica; Platero-Prats, Ana E.; Revés, Marc; Echeverría, Jorge; Cremades, Eduard; Barragán, Flavia; Alvarez, Santiago Covalent radii revisited. Dalton Trans. 2008 (5), 2832–38. DOI: 10.1039/b801115j.
  7. ↑ Shannon, R. D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halids and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr. A 1976, 32 (5), 751–67. DOI: 10.1107/S0567739476001551.

External links

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