Difference between revisions of "Oxygen"

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'''Oxygen''' ({{IPA|ˈɒksɨdʒɨn}}) is a colourless gas which makes up about one fifth of the Earth's atmosphere. Its name comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ὀξύς (''oxys''; acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (''-genēs''; producer, literally begetter).
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{{Elementbox
 +
|name=oxygen
 +
|number=8
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|symbol=O
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|left=[[nitrogen]]
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|right=[[fluorine]]
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|above=-
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|below=[[sulfur|S]]
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|series=nonmetal
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|series 2=[[chalcogen]]s
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|group=16
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|period=2
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|block=p
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|appearance= [[liquid oxygen]] with bubbles of oxygen gas
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|image name=Liquid Oxygen2.gif
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|atomic mass=15.9994
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|atomic mass 2=3
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|electron configuration=1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>4</sup>
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|electrons per shell=2, 6
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|density gplstp=1.429
 +
|melting point K=54.36
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|melting point C=-218.79
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|melting point F=-361.82
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|boiling point K=90.20
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|boiling point C=-182.95
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|boiling point F=-297.31
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|triple point K=
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|triple point kPa=
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|critical point K=154.59
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|critical point MPa=5.043
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|heat fusion=(O<sub>2</sub>) 0.444
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|heat vaporization=(O<sub>2</sub>) 6.82
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|heat capacity=(O<sub>2</sub>)<br />29.378
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|vapor pressure 1=&nbsp;
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|vapor pressure 10=&nbsp;
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|vapor pressure 100=&nbsp;
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|vapor pressure 1 k=61
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|vapor pressure 10 k=73
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|vapor pressure 100 k=90
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|vapor pressure comment=
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|crystal structure=cubic
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|oxidation states=''[[Oxygen difluoride|2]]'', ''[[Dioxygen difluoride|1]]'', [[peroxide|&minus;1]], &minus;'''2'''<br />(neutral oxide)
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|electronegativity=3.44
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|number of ionization energies=4
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|1st ionization energy=1313.9
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|2nd ionization energy=3388.3
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|3rd ionization energy=5300.5
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|atomic radius=
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|atomic radius calculated=
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|covalent radius=[[1 E-11 m|66±2]]
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|Van der Waals radius=[[1 E-10 m|152]]
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|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]]
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|thermal conductivity=26.58x10<sup>-3</sup>&nbsp;
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|speed of sound=(gas, 27 °C) 330
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|speed of sound rod at 20=
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|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
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|CAS number=7782-44-7
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|EC number=231-956-9
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|isotopes=
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{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=16 | sym=O | na=99.76% | n=8 }}
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{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=17 | sym=O | na=0.039% | n=9 }}
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{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=[[oxygen-18|18]] | sym=[[oxygen-18|O]] | na=0.201% | n=10 }}
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|isotopes comment=
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}}
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'''Oxygen''' ({{IPA|ˈɒksɨdʒɨn}}) is a colourless gas which makes up about one fifth of the Earth's atmosphere. Its name comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ὀξύς (''oxys''; acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (''-genēs''; producer, literally "begetter").
  
 
[[Category:Chemical elements]]
 
[[Category:Chemical elements]]

Revision as of 17:37, 15 August 2009

nitrogen ← oxygen → fluorine
-
↑
O
↓
S
Appearance
liquid oxygen with bubbles of oxygen gas
300px
General
Name, symbol, number oxygen, O, 8
Element category nonmetal, chalcogens
Group, period, block 16, 2, p
Standard atomic weight 15.9994(3) g/mol
Electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p4
Electrons per shell 2, 6 (Image)
Physical properties
Density (0 °C, 101.325 kPa)
1.429 g/L
Melting point 54.36 K, -218.79 °C, -361.82 °F
Boiling point 90.20 K, -182.95 °C, -297.31 °F
Critical point 154.59 K, 5.043 MPa
Heat of fusion (O2) 0.444 kJ/mol1
Heat of vaporization (O2) 6.82 kJ/mol1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) (O2)
29.378 J K−1 mol−1
Vapor pressure
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K       61 73 90
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 2, 1, −1, −2
(neutral oxide)
Electronegativity 3.44 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 		1st: 1313.9 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 3388.3 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 5300.5 kJ·mol−1
Covalent radius 66±2 pm
Van der Waals radius 152 pm
Miscellaneous
Crystal structure cubic
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 26.58x10-3  W·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (gas, 27 °C) 330 m/s
CAS registry number 7782-44-7
EC number 231-956-9
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of oxygen
iso N.A. half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
16O 99.76% 16O is stable with 8 neutrons
17O 0.039% 17O is stable with 9 neutrons
18O 0.201% 18O is stable with 10 neutrons
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Oxygen (ˈɒksɨdʒɨn) is a colourless gas which makes up about one fifth of the Earth's atmosphere. Its name comes from the Greek ὀξύς (oxys; acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs; producer, literally "begetter").

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