Berkelium

Atomic properties
Atomic number	97
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f9 7s2
Physical properties
Melting point	1259 K (986 °C)
Density	14.78 g cm−3
Chemical properties
Electronegativity	1.3 (Pauling)
Ionization energy
	6.1979(2) eV; 598.01(2) kJ mol−1
Atomic radii
Metallic radius	170 pm
Ionic radius	110 pm (Bk3+, Oh); 97 pm (Bk4+, Oh)
Thermodynamic properties
Standard entropy	76.2(13) J K−1 mol−1
Enthalpy change of atomization	310(6) kJ mol−1
Enthalpy change of fusion	7.92 kJ mol−1
Miscellaneous
CAS number	7440-40-6
	Where appropriate, and unless otherwise stated, data are given for 100 kPa (1 bar) and 298.15 K (25 °C).
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curium ← berkelium → californium

Tb
↑
Bk
↓
–

Berkelium (symbol: Bk) is a synthetic chemical element and a member of the actinoid series. It is named after the city of Berkeley, California, the location of the University of California Radiation Laboratory where it was discovered in 1949.

Notes and references

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Peterson et al., 1971
↑ Pauling, Linus The Nature of the Chemical Bond, 3rd ed.; Ithaca, NY, 1960. ISBN 0-8014-0333-2.
↑ Köhler, S.; Deißenberger, R.; Eberhardt, K.; Erdmann, N.; Herrmann, G.; Huber, G.; Kratz, J. V.; Nunnemann, M., et al. Determination of the first ionization potential of actinide elements by resonance ionization mass spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B 1997, 52 (6), 717–26. DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(96)01670-9.
↑ Erdmann, N.; Nunnemann, M.; Eberhardt, K.; Herrmann, G.; Huber, G.; Köhler, S.; Kratz, J. V.; Passler, G., et al. Determination of the first ionization potential of nine actinide elements by resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS). J. Alloys Compd. 1998, 271–273, 837–40. DOI: 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00229-1.
↑ Ward and Hill, 1976
↑ Ward et al., 1982

See also the corresponding article on Wikipedia.

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